Test 3 · Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs a…

«there's a plesiosaur in Loch Ness, my uncle saw the photo» What is better?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: uncle · What happens: see, be · To what, where: photo · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 of lesson 270 «Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 's	punct
2	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	3 's	expl
3	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 better	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 plesiosaur	det
5	plesiosaur	plesiosaur	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 's	nsubj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 Ness	case
7	Loch	Loch	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Ness	compound
8	Ness	ness	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 plesiosaur	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 saw	punct
10	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 uncle	nmod:poss
11	uncle	uncle	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 saw	nsubj
12	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 better	csubj
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 photo	det
14	photo	photo	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 saw	obj
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 saw	punct
16	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 better	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 better	cop
18	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	18 better	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see in a quote	past	my uncle	the photo					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer photo=Stimulus
2	is	present						good property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The famous photo was a fake, and the cold lake has too little food

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 photo	det
2	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 photo	amod
3	photo	photo	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fake	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 fake	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 fake	det
6	fake	fake	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 has	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 has	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 lake	det
10	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 lake	amod
11	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 has	nsubj
12	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 fake	parataxis
13	too	too	ADV	_	14 little	advmod
14	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 food	amod
15	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the famous photo	a fake					tree rules
2	have	present	the cold lake	little food					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient

Option 2

Yes, the photo proves it, because a camera cannot lie about a thing

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 proves	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 photo	det
4	photo	photo	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 proves	nsubj
5	proves	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 proves	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 proves	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	13 lie	mark
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 camera	det
10	camera	camera	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 lie	nsubj
11	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 lie	aux
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 lie	advmod
13	lie	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 proves	advcl
14	about	about	ADP	_	16 thing	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 thing	det
16	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 lie	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	present	the photo	it					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	not lie	can	a camera					about a thing	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent about thing=Location

Option 3

Yes, plesiosaurs still live in all the deepest lakes of the world

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	3 plesiosaurs	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	plesiosaurs	plesiosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 live	nsubj
4	still	still	ADV	_	5 live	advmod
5	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	10 lakes	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 lakes	det:predet
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 lakes	det
9	deepest	deep	ADJ	Degree=Sup	10 lakes	amod
10	lakes	lake	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 live	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 world	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 world	det
13	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lakes	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	plesiosaurs			all deepest lakes of the world	still		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in lake=Location

Option 4

No, it was a crocodile that swam all the way up from Africa

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 crocodile	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 crocodile	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 crocodile	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 crocodile	det
6	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 swam	nsubj
8	swam	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 crocodile	acl:relcl
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 way	det:predet
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 way	det
11	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 swam	obj
12	up	up	ADV	_	8 swam	advmod
13	from	from	ADP	_	14 Africa	case
14	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 swam	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	it	a crocodile					tree rules
2	swim	past	a crocodile	all way		Africa			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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