Test 9 · Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground slot…
A huge armadillo shell is found in Argentina. Who might have used it as a shelter?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: find, use · To what, where: huge armadillo shell, Argentina, shell
This is test 9 of lesson 272 «Mammoths and the Ice Age giants: sabre-tooths, ground sloths and woolly rhinos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A huge armadillo shell is found in Argentina.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 shell | det |
| 2 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 shell | amod |
| 3 | armadillo | armadillo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shell | compound |
| 4 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 found | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 found | aux:pass |
| 6 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 Argentina | case |
| 8 | Argentina | Argentina | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 found | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 found | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | present · passive | a huge armadillo shell | Argentina | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Who might have used it as a shelter?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 used | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 used | aux |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 used | aux |
| 4 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 used | obj |
| 6 | as | as | ADP | _ | 8 shelter | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 shelter | det |
| 8 | shelter | shelter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 used | obl |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 used | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | might · perfect · passive | shell | as a shelter | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
The very last dinosaurs
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 dinosaurs | det |
| 2 | very | very | ADV | _ | 3 last | advmod |
| 3 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 dinosaurs | amod |
| 4 | dinosaurs | dinosaur | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
Nobody could ever have
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 4 have | nsubj |
| 2 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 have | aux |
| 3 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 4 have | advmod |
| 4 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | could | Nobody | ever | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Early people in South America
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 people | amod |
| 2 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 America | case |
| 4 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 America | compound |
| 5 | America | America | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 people | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
Sabre-toothed cats
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sabre | sabre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 toothed | compound |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Sabre | punct |
| 3 | toothed | tooth | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 cats | amod |
| 4 | cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tooth | participle | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/272-mammoths-and-the-ice-age-giants/t9/