Exam question 2 · Terror birds, moas, giant insects and other lost giants

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the extinction of the moa.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, extinguish · To what, where: response, extinction, moa

This is exam question 2 of lesson 274 «Terror birds, moas, giant insects and other lost giants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 extinction	det
11	extinction	extinction	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 moa	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 moa	det
14	moa	moa	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 extinction	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the extinction of the moa		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus extinction=Experiencer
4	extinguish			the moa		nom extinction «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It occurred sixty-six million years ago, at the same time as that of the non-bird dinosaurs, owing to the asteroid

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 occurred	nsubj
2	occurred	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sixty	sixty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 occurred	obj
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 sixty	punct
5	six	six	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 million	compound
6	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 years	nummod
7	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 ago	obl:unmarked
8	ago	ago	ADV	_	2 occurred	advmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 time	punct
10	at	at	ADP	_	13 time	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 time	det
12	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 time	amod
13	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 occurred	obl
14	as	as	ADP	_	15 that	case
15	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	13 time	nmod
16	of	of	ADP	_	19 dinosaurs	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 dinosaurs	det
18	non-bird	non-bird	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 dinosaurs	amod
19	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 that	nmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 owing	punct
21	owing	owe	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 occurred	advcl
22	to	to	ADP	_	24 asteroid	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 asteroid	det
24	asteroid	asteroid	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 owing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	past	It	sixty			time	ago property	tree rules
2	owe	gerund						to the asteroid goal	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to asteroid=Goal

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

It was caused solely by the Haast's eagle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 caused	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	aux:pass
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 caused	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	9 eagle	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Haast	det
7	Haast	Haast	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 eagle	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 Haast	case
9	eagle	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	past · passive	the Haast's eagle	It				solely property	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient

Option 3

The moa survives at the present day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 moa	det
2	moa	moa	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 survives	nsubj
3	survives	survive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	7 day	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 day	det
6	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 day	amod
7	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 survives	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	survive	present	the moa				day		vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It occurred within approximately two centuries of human settlement, together with that of the Haast's eagle

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 occurred	nsubj
2	occurred	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	within	within	ADP	_	6 centuries	case
4	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	5 two	advmod
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 centuries	nummod
6	centuries	century	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 occurred	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 settlement	case
8	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 settlement	amod
9	settlement	settlement	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 centuries	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 together	punct
11	together	together	ADV	_	2 occurred	advmod
12	with	with	ADP	_	13 that	case
13	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 occurred	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	18 eagle	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Haast	det
16	Haast	Haast	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 eagle	nmod:poss
17	's	's	PART	_	16 Haast	case
18	eagle	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 that	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	past	It				century	with that; together property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/274-terror-birds-moas-giant-insects-and-lost-giants/e2/