Exam question 2 · DNA simply: the recipe in every cell

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the inheritance of DNA by a child.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, inherit · To what, where: response, inheritance, DNA

This is exam question 2 of lesson 277 «DNA simply: the recipe in every cell» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 inheritance	det
11	inheritance	inheritance	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 DNA	case
13	DNA	DNA	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 inheritance	nmod
14	by	by	ADP	_	16 child	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 child	det
16	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the inheritance of DNA	by a child	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus inheritance=Experiencer
4	inherit			DNA		nom inheritance «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Approximately one half is derived from each parent

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Approximately	approximately	ADV	_	5 derived	advmod
2	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 half	nummod
3	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	5 derived	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 derived	aux:pass
5	derived	derive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 parent	case
7	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	8 parent	det
8	parent	parent	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 derived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	present · passive		one half				from each parent; approximately property	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from parent=Material

Option 2

The entirety is derived from the father

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 entirety	det
2	entirety	entirety	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 derived	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 derived	aux:pass
4	derived	derive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 father	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 father	det
7	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 derived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	present · passive		the entirety				from the father	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from father=Material

Option 3

The entirety is derived from the mother

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 entirety	det
2	entirety	entirety	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 derived	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 derived	aux:pass
4	derived	derive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 mother	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 mother	det
7	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 derived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	derive	present · passive		the entirety				from the mother	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from mother=Material

Option 4

It is acquired from the environment in the years following birth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 acquired	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 acquired	aux:pass
3	acquired	acquire	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 environment	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 environment	det
6	environment	environment	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 acquired	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 years	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 years	det
9	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 acquired	obl
10	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 years	acl
11	birth	birth	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 following	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	acquire	present · passive		It		the environment	year		vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from environment=Source
2	follow	gerund	the years not said here	birth					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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