Test 10 · ★★ · Evolution: why giraffes really have long necks

«evolution's goal is to make humans, we're the top» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: goal, we · What happens: be · To what, where: top · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 278 «Evolution: why giraffes really have long necks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 make	punct
2	evolution	evolution	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 goal	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 evolution	case
4	goal	goal	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 make	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 make	cop
6	to	to	PART	_	7 make	mark
7	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	humans	human	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 make	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 top	punct
10	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 top	nsubj
11	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 top	cop
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 top	det
13	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 make	obl
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 make	punct
15	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	17 right	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 right	cop
17	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 make	parataxis
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	evolution's goal		make property	tree rules
2	is a in a quote	present	we	the top		tree rules
3	is	present			right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, and dogs are next

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 next	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 dogs	cc
4	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 next	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 next	cop
6	next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	dogs					next property	tree rules

Option 2

Evolution aims to make everything fly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Evolution	evolution	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 aims	nsubj
2	aims	aim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 make	mark
4	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 aims	xcomp
5	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	6 fly	compound
6	fly	fly	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 make	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	aim	present	Evolution						vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	make not said to happen	to-infinitive	Evolution not said here	everything fly					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fly=Product

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Evolution has no goal; it keeps whatever helps animals leave babies in their place

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Evolution	evolution	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 goal	det
4	goal	goal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 keeps	punct
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 keeps	nsubj
7	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 has	parataxis
8	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 helps	nsubj
9	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 keeps	ccomp
10	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 leave	nsubj
11	leave	leave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 helps	xcomp
12	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 leave	obj
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 place	case
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 place	nmod:poss
15	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 leave	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	have	present	Evolution	no goal		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goal=Patient
2	keep	present	Evolution			tree rules
3	help	present	whatever			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	leave	infinitive	animals	babies	animals's place	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent baby=Theme in place=Location

Option 4

Yes, every animal is trying to become human, and apes are just the closest so far

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 trying	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	4 animal	det
4	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 trying	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 trying	aux
6	trying	try	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 become	mark
8	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 trying	xcomp
9	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 become	xcomp
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 closest	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 closest	cc
12	apes	ape	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 closest	nsubj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 closest	cop
14	just	just	ADV	_	16 closest	advmod
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 closest	det
16	closest	close	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 trying	parataxis
17	so	so	ADV	_	18 far	advmod
18	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 trying	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	try	present · progressive	every animal	far property	vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	become not said to happen	to-infinitive	every animal not said here	human property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
3	is	present	apes	close property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks/t10/