Test 5 · ★★ · Evolution: why giraffes really have long necks

«if giraffes needed long necks so bad, why's the okapi got a short one» What is the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: giraffes, okapi, best answer · What happens: need, be · To what, where: long necks · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 278 «Evolution: why giraffes really have long necks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 needed	punct
2	if	if	SCONJ	_	4 needed	mark
3	giraffes	giraffe	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 needed	nsubj
4	needed	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 necks	amod
6	necks	neck	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 needed	obj
7	so	so	ADV	_	8 bad	advmod
8	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 needed	xcomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 got	punct
10	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	14 got	advmod
11	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 got	cop
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 okapi	det
13	okapi	okapi	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 got	nsubj
14	got	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 needed	conj
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 one	det
16	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 one	amod
17	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 got	obj
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 got	punct
19	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	14 got	parataxis
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 What	cop
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 answer	det
22	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	23 answer	amod
23	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 What	nsubj
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 needed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	need in a quote	past	giraffes	long necks	bad property	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Pivot neck=Theme
2	is in a quote	present	the okapi		get property	tree rules
3	is a	present	the best answer			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The okapi is a baby giraffe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 okapi	det
2	okapi	okapi	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 giraffe	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 giraffe	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 giraffe	det
5	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 giraffe	compound
6	giraffe	giraffe	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the okapi	a baby giraffe					tree rules

Option 2

The okapi's neck was bitten short by lions, and its babies were born that way

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 okapi	det
2	okapi	okapi	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 neck	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 okapi	case
4	neck	neck	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bitten	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 bitten	aux:pass
6	bitten	bite	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bitten	xcomp
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 lions	case
9	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 bitten	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 born	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 born	cc
12	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 babies	nmod:poss
13	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 born	nsubj:pass
14	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 born	aux:pass
15	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 bitten	advcl
16	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	17 way	det
17	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 born	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bite	past · passive	lions	the okapi's neck				short property	vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
2	bear	past · passive		neck's babies				that way obl:unmarked	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 3

The okapi forgot to stretch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 okapi	det
2	okapi	okapi	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 forgot	nsubj
3	forgot	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 stretch	mark
5	stretch	stretch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 forgot	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forget	past	the okapi						tree rules
2	not stretch	to-infinitive	the okapi not said here						vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The okapi lives in thick forest, where a short neck fits its way of life

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 okapi	det
2	okapi	okapi	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lives	nsubj
3	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 forest	case
5	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 forest	amod
6	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lives	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 fits	punct
8	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	12 fits	advmod
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 neck	det
10	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 neck	amod
11	neck	neck	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 fits	nsubj
12	fits	fit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lives	conj
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 way	nmod:poss
14	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 fits	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 life	case
16	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 way	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	the okapi			thick forest			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in forest=Location
2	fit	present	a short neck	neck's way of life					vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks/t5/