Test 1 · ★★ · Sharks

the teacher says sharks got no bones. is she having a laugh?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: teacher, sharks · What happens: say, get, have · To what, where: bones, laugh · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 28 «Sharks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 got	nsubj
5	got	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 bones	det
7	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 got	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 got	punct
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 having	aux
10	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 having	nsubj
11	having	have	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 got	advcl
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 laugh	det
13	laugh	laugh	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 having	obj
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	the teacher		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	get	past	sharks	no bones	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bone=Stimulus
3	have	present · progressive	teacher	a laugh	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent laugh=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, sharks have more bones than us

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 have	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 bones	amod
6	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	obj
7	than	than	ADP	_	8 us	case
8	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 bones	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	sharks	more bones				than us	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

No, she's right, a shark's skeleton is cartilage

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 right	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 right	nsubj
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 right	cop
5	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 cartilage	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 shark	det
8	shark	shark	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 skeleton	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 shark	case
10	skeleton	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 cartilage	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 cartilage	cop
12	cartilage	cartilage	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 right	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	she					right property	tree rules
2	is a	present	a shark's skeleton	cartilage					tree rules

Option 3

No, sharks have no skeleton at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 have	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 skeleton	det
6	skeleton	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 have	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 skeleton	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	sharks	no skeleton		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skeleton=Patient

Option 4

Yes, only baby sharks lack bones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 lack	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 sharks	advmod
4	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sharks	compound
5	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 lack	nsubj
6	lack	lack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 lack	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lack	present	baby sharks	bones					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/28-sharks/t1/