Exam question 1 · Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nat…

Identify the phenomenon whereby a change in the population of a top predator affects successive levels of a food chain.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, change · What happens: identify, affect · To what, where: phenomenon, successive levels

This is exam question 1 of lesson 283 «Wolves in Yellowstone, beavers in Britain and bringing nature back» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 phenomenon	det
3	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	whereby	whereby	ADV	PronType=Int	14 affects	advmod
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 change	det
6	change	change	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 affects	nsubj
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 population	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 population	det
9	population	population	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 change	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 predator	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 predator	det
12	top	top	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 predator	amod
13	predator	predator	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 population	nmod
14	affects	affect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Identify	advcl
15	successive	successive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 levels	amod
16	levels	level	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 affects	obj
17	of	of	ADP	_	20 chain	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 chain	det
19	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 chain	compound
20	chain	chain	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 levels	nmod
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the phenomenon					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent phenomenon=Theme
2	affect	present	a change in the population of a top predator	successive levels of a food chain				whereby property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus level=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Metamorphosis

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Metamorphosis	metamorphosis	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Natural selection

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Natural	natural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 selection	amod
2	selection	selection	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

Hibernation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hibernation	hibernation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A trophic cascade

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cascade	det
2	trophic	trophic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cascade	amod
3	cascade	cascade	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/283-wolves-in-yellowstone-beavers-in-britain-and-bringing-nature-back/e1/