Exam question 4 · Insects as food in other countries

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the aversion to insects as food prevalent in parts of Europe?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: aversion

This is exam question 4 of lesson 290 «Insects as food in other countries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Which	nmod
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 aversion	det
10	aversion	aversion	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 insects	case
12	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
13	as	as	ADP	_	15 prevalent	case
14	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 prevalent	compound
15	prevalent	prevalent	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 parts	case
17	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 prevalent	nmod
18	of	of	ADP	_	19 Europe	case
19	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 parts	nmod
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the aversion				to insects; as food prevalent in parts of Europe; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is confined to children

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 confined	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 confined	aux:pass
3	confined	confine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 children	case
5	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 confined	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confine	present · passive		It	children				vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to child=Destination

Option 2

It arises from the poisonous nature of every insect

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 arises	nsubj
2	arises	arise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 nature	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 nature	det
5	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 nature	amod
6	nature	nature	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 arises	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 insect	case
8	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	9 insect	det
9	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 nature	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arise	present	It			the poisonous nature of every insect			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is learned from family and culture and may alter over time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 learned	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 learned	aux:pass
3	learned	learn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 family	case
5	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 learned	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 culture	cc
7	culture	culture	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 family	conj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 alter	cc
9	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 alter	aux
10	alter	alter	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 learned	conj
11	over	over	ADP	_	12 time	case
12	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 alter	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	present · passive		It		family and culture			vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Topic from family=Source
2	alter	may					time		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

It is an innate and universal response of all humans

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 response	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 response	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 response	det
4	innate	innate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 response	amod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 universal	cc
6	universal	universal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 innate	conj
7	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 humans	case
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 humans	det
10	humans	human	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 response	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a innate response				of all humans	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries/e4/