Test 4 · ★★ · Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed anim…

«circus elephant can do tricks so it's tame, like a cow» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: circus elephant, elephant, cow · What happens: do, be · To what, where: tricks

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 293 «Horses, cattle, camels and chickens: how people tamed animals» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 do	punct
2	circus	circus	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 elephant	amod
3	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 do	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 do	aux
5	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	tricks	trick	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 do	obj
7	so	so	ADV	_	10 tame	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 tame	nsubj
9	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 tame	cop
10	tame	tame	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 do	advcl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 cow	punct
12	like	like	ADP	_	14 cow	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 cow	det
14	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 tame	obl
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 cow	punct
16	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 right	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 right	cop
18	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 cow	acl:relcl
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	do in a quote	can	circus elephant	tricks		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trick=Eventuality
2	is in a quote	present	elephant		like a cow; tame property	tree rules
3	is	present	a cow		right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It was trained, but elephants as a kind were never tamed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 trained	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 trained	aux:pass
3	trained	train	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 tamed	punct
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	12 tamed	cc
6	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 tamed	nsubj:pass
7	as	as	ADP	_	9 kind	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 kind	det
9	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 elephants	nmod
10	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 tamed	aux:pass
11	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	12 tamed	advmod
12	tamed	tame	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 trained	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	train	past · passive		It					vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	not tame	past · passive		elephants as a kind					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Option 2

All elephants are born tame

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 elephants	det
2	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 born	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 born	aux:pass
4	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	tame	tame	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 born	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive		all elephants				tame property	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 3

Yes, elephants are just as tame as cows on a farm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 tame	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 tame	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 tame	cop
5	just	just	ADV	_	7 tame	advmod
6	as	as	ADV	_	7 tame	advmod
7	tame	tame	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	as	as	ADP	_	9 cows	case
9	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 tame	obl
10	on	on	ADP	_	12 farm	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 farm	det
12	farm	farm	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cows	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	elephants					as cows on a farm; tame property	tree rules

Option 4

Elephants were tamed long before dogs, in the Stone Age

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 tamed	nsubj:pass
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 tamed	aux:pass
3	tamed	tame	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 tamed	advmod
5	before	before	ADP	_	6 dogs	case
6	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 tamed	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 Age	punct
8	in	in	ADP	_	11 Age	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Age	det
10	Stone	Stone	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 Age	compound
11	Age	Age	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 tamed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tame	past · passive		Elephants			in the Stone Age; before dogs	long property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/293-horses-cattle-camels-and-chickens-how-people-tamed-animals/t4/