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Test 6 · ★★ · Animals in the news: true stories, fakes and how to read t…

A news story says «crow solves puzzle». What makes it most believable?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: news story, crow · What happens: say, solve, make · To what, where: puzzle · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 · ★★ of lesson 296 «Animals in the news: true stories, fakes and how to read them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A news story says «crow solves puzzle».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 story	det
2	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 story	compound
3	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 solves	punct
6	crow	crow	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 solves	nsubj
7	solves	solve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 says	ccomp
8	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 solves	obj
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 solves	punct
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a news story						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	solve in a quote	present	crow	puzzle					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puzzle=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What makes it most believable?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 makes	obj
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 believable	advmod
5	believable	believable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 makes	xcomp
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 makes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present		puzzle				believable property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material it=Product

The options

Option 1

The headline used capital letters

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 headline	det
2	headline	headline	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 letters	amod
4	capital	capital	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 letters	compound
5	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 headline	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	participle							vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It was posted by someone with many followers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 posted	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 posted	aux:pass
3	posted	post	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 someone	case
5	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 posted	obl
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 followers	case
7	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 followers	amod
8	followers	follower	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 posted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	post	past · passive	someone	It				with many followers	vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Scientists filmed the test so others can check it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 filmed	nsubj
2	filmed	film	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 test	det
4	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 filmed	obj
5	so	so	SCONJ	_	8 check	mark
6	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 check	nsubj
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 check	aux
8	check	check	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 filmed	advcl
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 check	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	film	past	Scientists	the test					vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Theme
2	check	can	others	test					vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 4

The crow looked very clever in the photo

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 crow	det
2	crow	crow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 looked	nsubj
3	looked	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 clever	advmod
5	clever	clever	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 looked	xcomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 photo	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 photo	det
8	photo	photo	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 looked	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	past	the crow					in the photo; clever property	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in photo=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/296-animals-in-the-news-true-stories-fakes-and-how-to-read-them/t6/