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Test 9 · ★ · How owls work: silent wings, turning heads, pellets and ow…

You see a short-eared owl hunting over a field at noon. What is most likely?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: You, eared owl · What happens: see, hunt, be · To what, where: eared owl, field

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 302 «How owls work: silent wings, turning heads, pellets and owl myths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: You see a short-eared owl hunting over a field at noon.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 see	nsubj
2	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 owl	det
4	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 eared	amod
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 short	punct
6	eared	eared	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 owl	amod
7	owl	owl	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 see	obj
8	hunting	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 owl	acl
9	over	over	ADP	_	11 field	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 field	det
11	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hunting	obl
12	at	at	ADP	_	13 noon	case
13	noon	noon	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hunting	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 see	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present	You	a eared owl					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer owl=Stimulus
2	hunt	gerund	a eared owl not said here			a field	noon		vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent over field=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is most likely?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 likely	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 likely	cop
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 likely	advmod
4	likely	likely	ADV	_	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 likely	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						likely property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

It is sleep-walking

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 walking	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 walking	cop
3	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 walking	compound
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 sleep	punct
5	walking	walking	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	sleep walking					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It is a kind that often hunts by day, maybe feeding chicks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 kind	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 kind	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 kind	det
4	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 hunts	nsubj
6	often	often	ADV	_	7 hunts	advmod
7	hunts	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 kind	acl:relcl
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 day	case
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hunts	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 feeding	punct
11	maybe	maybe	ADV	_	12 feeding	advmod
12	feeding	feed	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 kind	acl
13	chicks	chick	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 feeding	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a kind					tree rules
2	hunt	present	a kind				day	often property	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	feed	gerund	a kind not said here		chicks			maybe property	vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chick=Recipient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

It is blinded by the sun and has got lost

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 blinded	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 blinded	aux:pass
3	blinded	blind	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 sun	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sun	det
6	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blinded	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 got	cc
8	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 got	aux
9	got	get	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 blinded	conj
10	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 got	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blind	present · passive	the sun	It					tree rules
2	get	present · perfect	the sun not said here						vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
3	lose	participle	the sun not said here						vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It must be a ghost owl

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 owl	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 owl	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 owl	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 owl	det
5	ghost	ghost	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 owl	compound
6	owl	owl	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	must	It	a ghost owl					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/302-how-owls-work-silent-wings-turning-heads-pellets-and-owl-myths/t9/