Test 8 · ★★ · Beetles: the biggest group of animals on Earth, wing cases…

Why might beetles be so successful?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: beetles · What happens: be

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 306 «Beetles: the biggest group of animals on Earth, wing cases and six legs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 successful	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 successful	aux
3	beetles	beetle	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 successful	nsubj
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 successful	cop
5	so	so	ADV	_	6 successful	advmod
6	successful	successful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 successful	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	might	beetles					successful property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They never have any enemies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 have	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 have	advmod
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	5 enemies	det
5	enemies	enemy	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not have	present	They	any enemies					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enemy=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

They live for hundreds of years and lay millions of eggs each year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 live	nsubj
2	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	4 hundreds	case
4	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 live	obl
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 years	case
6	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hundreds	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 lay	cc
8	lay	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 live	conj
9	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 lay	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 eggs	case
11	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 millions	nmod
12	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	13 year	det
13	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lay	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	They					for hundreds of years	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	lie	past	They not said here	millions of eggs			year		vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location million=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Hard wing cases protect them so they can live almost anywhere

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cases	amod
2	wing	wing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cases	compound
3	cases	case	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 protect	nsubj
4	protect	protect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 protect	obj
6	so	so	SCONJ	_	9 live	mark
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 live	nsubj
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 live	aux
9	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 protect	advcl
10	almost	almost	ADV	_	11 anywhere	advmod
11	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	PronType=Ind	9 live	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	protect	present	Hard wing cases	them = they					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary
2	live	can	cases = case					anywhere property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

They are the only animals with legs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 animals	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 animals	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 animals	det
4	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 animals	amod
5	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 legs	case
7	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 animals	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	the only animals				with legs	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/306-beetles-the-biggest-group-of-animals-on-earth-wing-cases-and-six-legs/t8/