Test 6 · ★★★ · Sharks by kind: great white, tiger, bull and hammerhead

Why might a surfer lying on a board look like a seal to a shark below?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: surfer · What happens: lie · To what, where: board look

This is test 6 · ★★★ of lesson 310 «Sharks by kind: great white, tiger, bull and hammerhead» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 lying	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 lying	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 surfer	det
4	surfer	surfer	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lying	nsubj
5	lying	lie	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	on	on	ADP	_	9 look	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 look	det
8	board	board	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 look	compound
9	look	look	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lying	obl
10	like	like	ADP	_	12 seal	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 seal	det
12	seal	seal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lying	obl
13	to	to	ADP	_	15 shark	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 shark	det
15	shark	shark	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lying	obl
16	below	below	ADV	_	15 shark	advmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 lying	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lie	might	a surfer			a board look		like a seal; to a shark	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on look=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Sharks think boards are fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 think	nsubj
2	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	boards	board	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 fish	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fish	cop
5	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 think	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	present	Sharks						vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	boards	fish					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

From below both make a dark shape against the bright surface

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	From	from	SCONJ	_	4 make	mark
2	below	below	ADV	_	4 make	advmod
3	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	4 make	nsubj
4	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 shape	det
6	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 shape	amod
7	shape	shape	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 make	obj
8	against	against	ADP	_	11 surface	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 surface	det
10	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 surface	amod
11	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 make	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	both	a dark shape				against the bright surface; below property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset shape=Product

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Surfers smell exactly like seals in the water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Surfers	surfer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 smell	nsubj
2	smell	smell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	2 smell	advmod
4	like	like	ADP	_	5 seals	case
5	seals	seal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 smell	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 water	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 water	det
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 smell	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	smell	present	Surfers			the water		like seals; exactly property	vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Surfers bark like seals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Surfers	surfer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 bark	nsubj
2	bark	bark	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	like	like	ADP	_	4 seals	case
4	seals	seal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 bark	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bark	present	Surfers					like seals	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/310-sharks-by-kind-great-white-tiger-bull-and-hammerhead/t6/