Exam question 4 · Whales by kind, the baleen whales: blue, fin, humpback, gr…
Ascertain the number of blowholes possessed by a baleen whale, and their nature.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, possess · To what, where: number, blowholes
This is exam question 4 of lesson 312 «Whales by kind, the baleen whales: blue, fin, humpback, grey, right and minke» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ascertain | ascertain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 number | det |
| 3 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Ascertain | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 blowholes | case |
| 5 | blowholes | blowhole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 number | nmod |
| 6 | possessed | possess | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 blowholes | acl |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 whale | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 whale | det |
| 9 | baleen | baleen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 whale | compound |
| 10 | whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 possessed | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 nature | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 nature | cc |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 nature | nmod:poss |
| 14 | nature | nature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Ascertain | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ascertain | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ascertain | imperative | you not said here | the number of blowholes | blowholes's nature obl | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Topic | |||
| 2 | possess | participle | blowholes not said here | by a baleen whale | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
None, respiration occurring entirely through the skin of the back
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | None | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 respiration | punct |
| 3 | respiration | respiration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 None | conj |
| 4 | occurring | occur | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 None | acl |
| 5 | entirely | entirely | ADV | _ | 4 occurring | advmod |
| 6 | through | through | ADP | _ | 8 skin | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 skin | det |
| 8 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 occurring | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 back | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 back | det |
| 11 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 skin | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | occur | gerund | the skin of the back | entirely property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through skin=Location |
Option 2
Three, being organs for the emission of song
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 organs | nummod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Three | punct |
| 3 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 organs | cop |
| 4 | organs | organ | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 emission | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 emission | det |
| 7 | emission | emission | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 organs | nmod |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 song | case |
| 9 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 emission | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | gerund | Three organs | for the emission of song | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | emit | song | nom emission «act transitive»: of=patient |
Option 3
One, being a mouth for the intake of air
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 mouth | nummod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 mouth | punct |
| 3 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 mouth | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 mouth | det |
| 5 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 intake | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 intake | det |
| 8 | intake | intake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 mouth | nmod |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 air | case |
| 10 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 intake | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | gerund | a One mouth | for the intake of air | tree rules |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Two, being nostrils situated upon the top of the head
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 nostrils | nummod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 nostrils | punct |
| 3 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 nostrils | cop |
| 4 | nostrils | nostril | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 5 | situated | situate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 nostrils | acl |
| 6 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 8 top | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 top | det |
| 8 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 situated | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 head | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 head | det |
| 11 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 top | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | gerund | Two nostrils | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | situate | participle | Two nostrils not said here | the top of the head | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon top=Destination |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/312-whales-by-kind-the-baleen-whales-blue-fin-humpback-grey-right-and-minke/e4/