Test 4 · ★ · Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, bel…
In Free Willy an orca is called a killer whale and the people are scared of it. What is true?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: people · What happens: call, be · To what, where: orca, Free Willy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 313 «Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In Free Willy an orca is called a killer whale and the people are scared of it.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 Willy | case |
| 2 | Free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Willy | amod |
| 3 | Willy | Willy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 called | obl |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 orca | det |
| 5 | orca | orca | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 called | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 called | aux:pass |
| 7 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 whale | det |
| 9 | killer | killer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 whale | compound |
| 10 | whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 called | xcomp |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 scared | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 people | det |
| 13 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 scared | nsubj |
| 14 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 scared | cop |
| 15 | scared | scared | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 called | conj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 it | case |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 scared | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 called | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | present · passive | a orca | Free Willy | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the people | of orca; scared property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is true?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 true | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 true | cop |
| 3 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 true | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | true property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Orcas hunt people every day in every ocean
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Orcas | orca | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 hunt | nsubj |
| 2 | hunt | hunt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 hunt | obj |
| 4 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 day | det |
| 5 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 hunt | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 ocean | case |
| 7 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 ocean | det |
| 8 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 hunt | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hunt | present | Orcas | people | every ocean | day | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent people=Theme in ocean=Location |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
No wild orca is confirmed to have killed a person, and it is really a dolphin
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 3 orca | det |
| 2 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 orca | amod |
| 3 | orca | orca | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 confirmed | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 confirmed | aux:pass |
| 5 | confirmed | confirm | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 killed | mark |
| 7 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 killed | aux |
| 8 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 confirmed | xcomp |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 person | det |
| 10 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 killed | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 dolphin | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 dolphin | cc |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 dolphin | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 dolphin | cop |
| 15 | really | really | ADV | _ | 17 dolphin | advmod |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 dolphin | det |
| 17 | dolphin | dolphin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 confirmed | parataxis |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | confirm | present · passive | no wild orca | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | kill | to-infinitive · perfect | a person | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is a | present | orca | a dolphin | tree rules |
Option 3
Orcas are small baleen whales that eat krill
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Orcas | orca | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 whales | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 whales | cop |
| 3 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 whales | amod |
| 4 | baleen | baleen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 whales | compound |
| 5 | whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 eat | nsubj |
| 7 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 whales | acl:relcl |
| 8 | krill | krill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 eat | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Orcas | small baleen whales | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | eat | present | small baleen whales | krill | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent krill=Patient |
Option 4
Orcas are a kind of shark
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Orcas | orca | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 kind | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 kind | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 kind | det |
| 4 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 shark | case |
| 6 | shark | shark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 kind | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Orcas | a kind | of shark | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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