Test 10 · Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumbleb…

What would happen if a bat's toes needed muscles to stay shut?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: toes, muscles · What happens: happen, need, stay · To what, where: muscles

This is test 10 of lesson 314 «Bats of the world: flying foxes, vampire bats, the bumblebee bat and tent-makers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	9 needed	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bat	det
6	bat	bat	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 toes	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 bat	case
8	toes	toe	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 needed	nsubj
9	needed	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
10	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 needed	obj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 stay	mark
12	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 needed	xcomp
13	shut	shut	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 stay	xcomp
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	happen	would				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	need a condition, not said to happen	past	a bat's toes	muscles		tree rules
3	stay not said to happen	to-infinitive	muscles not said here		shut property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It could hang even longer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hang	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 hang	aux
3	hang	hang	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	even	even	ADV	_	5 longer	advmod
5	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 hang	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hang	could	It					long property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It would get tired hanging, like you on a climbing frame

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 get	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 get	aux
3	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 hanging	amod
5	hanging	hanging	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 get	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 you	punct
7	like	like	ADP	_	8 you	case
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 get	conj
9	on	on	ADP	_	12 frame	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 frame	det
11	climbing	climbing	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 frame	compound
12	frame	frame	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 get	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	would	It	tired hanging		a climbing frame			vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent hanging=Theme on frame=Source

Option 3

It would fly higher

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 fly	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 fly	aux
3	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 fly	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	would	It					high property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

It would have to sleep standing up on the branch like a bird

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 have	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 have	aux
3	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 sleep	mark
5	sleep	sleep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 have	xcomp
6	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 sleep	xcomp
7	up	up	ADP	_	6 standing	compound:prt
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 branch	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 branch	det
10	branch	branch	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 standing	obl
11	like	like	ADP	_	13 bird	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 bird	det
13	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 branch	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	roles by
1	have	would	It		tree rules
2	sleep	to-infinitive			tree rules
3	stand up	gerund		the branch like a bird	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on branch=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/314-bats-of-the-world-flying-foxes-vampire-bats-the-bumblebee-bat-and-tent-makers/t10/