Test 11 · Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world

Why might a white spirit bear catch more fish by day than a black bear?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: white spirit bear · What happens: catch · To what, where: more fish

This is test 11 of lesson 319 «Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 catch	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 catch	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bear	det
4	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bear	amod
5	spirit	spirit	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bear	compound
6	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 catch	nsubj
7	catch	catch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 fish	amod
9	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 catch	obj
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 day	case
11	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 catch	obl
12	than	than	ADP	_	15 bear	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 bear	det
14	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 bear	amod
15	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 catch	obl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 catch	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	might	a white spirit bear	more fish			day	than a black bear	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Fish like the colour white and swim up close to look at it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
2	like	like	ADP	_	4 colour	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 colour	det
4	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Fish	nmod
5	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Fish	amod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 close	cc
7	swim	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 close	cop
8	up	up	ADV	_	9 close	advmod
9	close	close	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 white	conj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 look	mark
11	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 close	advcl
12	at	at	ADP	_	13 it	case
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 look	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						close property	tree rules
2	look	to-infinitive						at colour	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at it=Theme

Option 2

White bears swim faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	White	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 bears	amod
2	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 swim	nsubj
3	swim	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 swim	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swim	present	White bears					fast property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Black bears cannot swim at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 bears	amod
2	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 swim	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 swim	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 swim	advmod
5	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 swim	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not swim	can	Black bears			all			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Trajectory

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is harder for fish to see against the bright sky

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 harder	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 harder	cop
3	harder	hard	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 fish	case
5	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 harder	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 see	mark
7	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 harder	advcl
8	against	against	ADP	_	11 sky	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sky	det
10	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 sky	amod
11	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 see	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					for fish; hard property	tree rules
2	see	to-infinitive						against the bright sky	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world/t11/