Test 11 · ★★★ · Bears up close: noses, claws, dens, the honey myth and bea…

Why are simple rules about wild animals, like «always climb a tree», often wrong?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be, climb · To what, where: simple rules, tree · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 320 «Bears up close: noses, claws, dens, the honey myth and bear safety» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Rel	root	root
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 rules	cop
3	simple	simple	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 rules	amod
4	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Why	nsubj
5	about	about	ADP	_	7 animals	case
6	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 animals	amod
7	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 rules	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 climb	punct
9	like	like	SCONJ	_	12 climb	mark
10	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 climb	punct
11	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	12 climb	advmod
12	climb	climb	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	4 rules	parataxis
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 tree	det
14	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 climb	obj
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 climb	punct
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 wrong	punct
17	often	often	ADV	_	18 wrong	advmod
18	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 climb	advcl
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		simple rules				about wild animals	tree rules
2	climb in a quote	infinitive		a tree				always property	vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location tree=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Rules are only for zoos

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 zoos	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 zoos	cop
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 zoos	advmod
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 zoos	case
5	zoos	zoo	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Rules					for zoos	tree rules

Option 2

Simple rules are always right

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Simple	simple	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 rules	amod
2	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 right	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 right	cop
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 right	advmod
5	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Simple rules					always, right property	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Animals learn the rules from people and change what they do every single year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 learn	nsubj
2	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 rules	det
4	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 learn	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 people	case
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 learn	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 change	cc
8	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 learn	conj
9	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	11 do	obj
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 do	nsubj
11	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 change	ccomp
12	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	14 year	det
13	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 year	amod
14	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 change	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	learn	present	Animals	the rules		from people	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent rule=Topic from people=Source
2	change	present	Animals not said here		year		tree rules
3	do	present	Animals = animal				vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Each kind of animal behaves differently, so advice depends on the kind and the place

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 kind	det
2	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 behaves	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 animal	case
4	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 kind	nmod
5	behaves	behave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	differently	differently	ADV	_	5 behaves	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 depends	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	10 depends	advmod
9	advice	advice	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 depends	nsubj
10	depends	depend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 behaves	conj
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 kind	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 kind	det
13	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 depends	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 place	cc
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 place	det
16	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 kind	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	behave	present	each kind of animal					differently property	vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent
2	depend	present	advice					on the kind and the place	vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on kind=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/320-bears-up-close-noses-claws-dens-the-honey-myth-and-bear-safety/t11/