Exam question 2 · Choosing a pet: the questions to ask first

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning allergy to domestic animals.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, allergy

This is exam question 2 of lesson 325 «Choosing a pet: the questions to ask first» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	allergy	allergy	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
11	to	to	ADP	_	13 animals	case
12	domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 animals	amod
13	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 concerning	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	allergy	to domestic animals	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus allergy=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is caused principally by the food and treats which the animal consumes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 caused	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	aux:pass
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	principally	principally	ADV	_	3 caused	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 food	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 food	det
7	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 treats	cc
9	treats	treat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	conj
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 consumes	obj
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 animal	det
12	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 consumes	nsubj
13	consumes	consume	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 treats	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	cause	present · passive		It	by the food; principally property	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	treat	present				vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute
3	consume	present	the animal			vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Asset

Option 2

It is prevented entirely by the selection of a short-haired breed of animal

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 prevented	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 prevented	aux:pass
3	prevented	prevent	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	3 prevented	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 selection	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 selection	det
7	selection	selection	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prevented	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	13 breed	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 breed	det
10	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 breed	amod
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 short	punct
12	haired	haired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 breed	amod
13	breed	breed	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 selection	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 animal	case
15	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 breed	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prevent	present · passive	the selection of a short haired breed of animal	It				entirely property	vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer subject=Theme
2	select			a short haired breed of animal					nom selection «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

It is caused chiefly by the leather collar worn about the animal's neck

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 caused	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	aux:pass
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	chiefly	chiefly	ADV	_	3 caused	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 collar	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 collar	det
7	leather	leather	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 collar	compound
8	collar	collar	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl
9	worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 collar	acl
10	about	about	ADP	_	14 neck	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 animal	det
12	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 neck	nmod:poss
13	's	's	PART	_	12 animal	case
14	neck	neck	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 worn	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present · passive		It				by the leather collar; chiefly property	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	wear	participle		the leather collar not said here				about the animal's neck	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It arises from skin and saliva, and no breed is entirely free of it

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 arises	nsubj
2	arises	arise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 skin	case
4	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 arises	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 saliva	cc
6	saliva	saliva	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 skin	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 free	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 free	cc
9	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	10 breed	det
10	breed	breed	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 free	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 free	cop
12	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	13 free	advmod
13	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 arises	parataxis
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 it	case
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 free	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arise	present	It			skin and saliva			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	no breed					of saliva; entirely, free property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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