Test 1 · ★★ · Old pets: grey muzzles, slow walks and saying goodbye

«gran says the dog's 3 so he's 21 in human years» What is closer to the truth?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: gran, 3 21 human years · What happens: say, be · To what, where: 21 · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 328 «Old pets: grey muzzles, slow walks and saying goodbye» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
2	gran	gran	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 dog	det
5	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 years	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 dog	case
7	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 years	nummod
8	so	so	ADV	_	11 21	advmod
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 21	nsubj
10	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 21	cop
11	21	21	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 years	nummod
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 years	case
13	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 years	amod
14	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 says	ccomp
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 years	punct
16	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 closer	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 closer	cop
18	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	14 years	acl:relcl
19	to	to	ADP	_	21 truth	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 truth	det
21	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 closer	obl
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert in a quote	present	gran			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a in a quote	present	gran	21		tree rules
3	is	present	the dog's 3 21 human years		to the truth; close property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No, he is 70 in human years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 70	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 70	punct
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 70	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 70	cop
5	70	70	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 years	case
7	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 years	amod
8	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 70	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	he	70			year		tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

A dog's first year is like about 15 human years, then ageing slows, so the sum is not that simple

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 year	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 dog	case
4	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 year	amod
5	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 years	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 years	cop
7	like	like	ADP	_	11 years	case
8	about	about	ADV	_	9 15	advmod
9	15	15	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 years	nummod
10	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 years	amod
11	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 slows	punct
13	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	15 slows	advmod
14	ageing	age	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 slows	nsubj
15	slows	slow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 years	advcl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 simple	punct
17	so	so	ADV	_	23 simple	advmod
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 sum	det
19	sum	sum	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 simple	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 simple	cop
21	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	23 simple	advmod
22	that	that	ADV	_	23 simple	advmod
23	simple	simple	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 slows	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a dog's first year	like 15 human years		tree rules
2	age	gerund				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	slow	present		then		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	not is	present	the sum		simple, that property	tree rules

Option 3

No, he is 3 in human years too

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 3	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 3	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 3	cop
5	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 years	case
7	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 years	amod
8	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 3	nmod
9	too	too	ADV	_	5 3	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	he	3			year		tree rules

Option 4

Yes, gran is right: a dog ages exactly seven human years every single year, so the sum really is that simple

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 right	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	gran	gran	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 right	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 right	cop
5	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 ages	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 ages	det
8	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ages	compound
9	ages	age	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 right	obl
10	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	11 seven	advmod
11	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 years	nummod
12	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 years	amod
13	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 ages	nmod
14	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	16 year	det
15	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 year	amod
16	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 years	nmod:unmarked
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 is	punct
18	so	so	ADV	_	22 is	advmod
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 sum	det
20	sum	sum	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 is	nsubj
21	really	really	ADV	_	22 is	advmod
22	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 right	conj
23	that	that	SCONJ	_	24 simple	mark
24	simple	simple	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 right	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	gran				a dog ages seven human years every single year	right property	tree rules
2	be	present	the sum						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/328-old-pets-grey-muzzles-slow-walks-and-saying-goodbye/t1/