Test 7 · ★★ · Old pets: grey muzzles, slow walks and saying goodbye

«why do big dogs die younger, elephants live ages and they're huge» What is the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: big dogs, elephants, best answer · What happens: die, live, be · To what, where: ages

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 328 «Old pets: grey muzzles, slow walks and saying goodbye» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 die	punct
2	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 die	advmod
3	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 die	aux
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 dogs	amod
5	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 die	nsubj
6	die	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	younger	young	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 die	xcomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 live	punct
9	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 live	nsubj
10	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 die	conj
11	ages	age	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 live	obj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 huge	cc
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 huge	nsubj
14	're	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 huge	cop
15	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 die	conj
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	15 huge	punct
17	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	15 huge	advcl
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 What	cop
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 answer	det
20	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	21 answer	amod
21	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 What	nsubj
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 die	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	die in a quote	present · do-support	big dogs		young property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	live in a quote	present	elephants	ages		vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme age=Location
3	is in a quote	present	elephants = elephant		huge property	tree rules
4	is a	present	the best answer			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Big dogs are simply walked too much, and the exercise wears out their hearts

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 dogs	amod
2	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 walked	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 walked	cop
4	simply	simply	ADV	_	5 walked	advmod
5	walked	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	too	too	ADV	_	7 much	advmod
7	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 walked	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 wears	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 wears	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 exercise	det
11	exercise	exercise	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 wears	nsubj
12	wears	wear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 walked	conj
13	out	out	ADP	_	12 wears	compound:prt
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 hearts	nmod:poss
15	hearts	heart	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 wears	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Big dogs					simply, walk property	tree rules
2	wear out	present	the exercise	dogs's hearts					vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent heart=Source

Option 2

Big dogs actually live longest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 dogs	amod
2	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 live	nsubj
3	actually	actually	ADV	_	4 live	advmod
4	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	longest	long	ADJ	Degree=Sup	4 live	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	Big dogs	longest				actually property	vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme long=Location

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Among dogs the big ones usually age faster, a puzzle scientists still study

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Among	among	ADP	_	2 dogs	case
2	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 age	nsubj
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 ones	det
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 ones	amod
5	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 dogs	conj
6	usually	usually	ADV	_	7 age	advmod
7	age	age	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 age	advmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 study	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 scientists	det
11	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 scientists	compound
12	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 study	nsubj
13	still	still	ADV	_	14 study	advmod
14	study	study	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 age	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	age	present	dogs and the big ones					fast, usually property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	study	present	a puzzle scientists				still		vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Elephants are a kind of big dog

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 kind	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 kind	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 kind	det
4	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 dog	case
6	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 dog	amod
7	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 kind	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Elephants	a kind				of big dog	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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