Test 1 · Tortoises, lizards and geckos as pets: heat, light and was…
In a cartoon a tortoise climbs out of its shell to take a bath. What is wrong?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: tortoise · What happens: climb, take, be · To what, where: cartoon, bath
This is test 1 of lesson 329 «Tortoises, lizards and geckos as pets: heat, light and washing hands» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a cartoon a tortoise climbs out of its shell to take a bath.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 cartoon | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 cartoon | det |
| 3 | cartoon | cartoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 climbs | obl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 tortoise | det |
| 5 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 climbs | nsubj |
| 6 | climbs | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | out | out | ADP | _ | 10 shell | case |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 shell | case |
| 9 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 shell | nmod:poss |
| 10 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 climbs | obl |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 take | mark |
| 12 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 climbs | advcl |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 bath | det |
| 14 | bath | bath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 take | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 climbs | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | climb | present | a tortoise | a cartoon | out tortoise's shell | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | take | to-infinitive | a tortoise not said here | a bath | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bath=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is wrong?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 wrong | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 wrong | cop |
| 3 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 wrong | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | wrong property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The shell is part of its skeleton, so it can never leave it
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 shell | det |
| 2 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 part | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 part | cop |
| 4 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 skeleton | case |
| 6 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 skeleton | nmod:poss |
| 7 | skeleton | skeleton | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 part | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 leave | punct |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 13 leave | advmod |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 leave | nsubj |
| 11 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 leave | aux |
| 12 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 13 leave | advmod |
| 13 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 part | parataxis |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 leave | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the shell | part | of shell's skeleton | tree rules | |||
| 2 | not leave | can | shell | skeleton | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
Option 2
Only old tortoises can leave their shells
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 3 tortoises | advmod |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 tortoises | amod |
| 3 | tortoises | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 leave | nsubj |
| 4 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 leave | aux |
| 5 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 shells | nmod:poss |
| 7 | shells | shell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 leave | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | can | old tortoises | tortoises's shells | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Theme |
Option 3
Tortoises leave their shells only at night
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tortoises | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 leave | nsubj |
| 2 | leave | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 shells | nmod:poss |
| 4 | shells | shell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 leave | obj |
| 5 | only | only | ADV | _ | 7 night | advmod |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 night | case |
| 7 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 leave | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | present | Tortoises | Tortoises's shells | night | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Theme |
Option 4
Nothing, tortoises bathe without their shells
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 3 tortoises | compound |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Nothing | punct |
| 3 | tortoises | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 bathe | nsubj |
| 4 | bathe | bathe | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | without | without | ADP | _ | 7 shells | case |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 shells | nmod:poss |
| 7 | shells | shell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 bathe | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bathe | present | Nothing tortoises | without tortoises's shells | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/329-tortoises-lizards-and-geckos-as-pets-heat-light-and-washing-hands/t1/