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Test 2 · Birds: feathers, wings, eggs and flight

In a cartoon a goose flies alone at the front for the whole trip. What really happens?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: goose · What happens: fly, happen · To what, where: cartoon

This is test 2 of lesson 33 «Birds: feathers, wings, eggs and flight» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a goose flies alone at the front for the whole trip.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 flies	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 goose	det
5	goose	goose	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 flies	nsubj
6	flies	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	alone	alone	ADV	_	6 flies	advmod
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 front	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 front	det
10	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 flies	obl
11	for	for	ADP	_	14 trip	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 trip	det
13	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 trip	amod
14	trip	trip	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 front	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 flies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	present	a goose			a cartoon		at the front for the whole trip; alone property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What really happens?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happens	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 happens	advmod
3	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

Geese never fly in groups at all, each one travels on its own

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Geese	goose	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fly	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 fly	advmod
3	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 groups	case
5	groups	group	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fly	obl
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 fly	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 travels	punct
9	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	10 one	det
10	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 travels	nsubj
11	travels	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fly	advcl
12	on	on	ADP	_	14 own	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 own	nmod:poss
14	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 travels	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not fly	present	Geese			groups		at all	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in group=Location
2	travel	present	each one			its own			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on own=Trajectory

Option 2

The youngest goose always leads

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 goose	det
2	youngest	young	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 goose	amod
3	goose	goose	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 leads	nsubj
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 leads	advmod
5	leads	lead	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lead	present	the youngest goose					always property	vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The geese take turns at the tiring front place

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 geese	det
2	geese	goose	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 take	nsubj
3	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	turns	turn	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 take	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	9 place	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 place	det
7	tiring	tiring	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 place	amod
8	front	front	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 place	amod
9	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 take	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	present	the geese	turns		the tiring front place			vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent turn=Theme at place=Asset

Option 4

The biggest goose always leads

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 goose	det
2	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 goose	amod
3	goose	goose	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 leads	nsubj
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 leads	advmod
5	leads	lead	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lead	present	the biggest goose					always property	vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/33-birds-feathers-wings-eggs-and-flight/t2/