Exam question 3 · The garden in autumn: colours, conkers, webs and buried nuts

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the large spiders frequently observed within dwellings in autumn?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, observe · To what, where: large spiders

This is exam question 3 of lesson 335 «The garden in autumn: colours, conkers, webs and buried nuts» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 spiders	det
10	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 spiders	amod
11	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
12	frequently	frequently	ADV	_	13 observed	advmod
13	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 spiders	acl
14	within	within	ADP	_	15 dwellings	case
15	dwellings	dwelling	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 observed	obl
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 autumn	case
17	autumn	autumn	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 dwellings	nmod
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the large spiders	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	observe	participle	the large spiders not said here	within dwellings in autumn; frequently property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They are principally male house spiders, harmless to people, wandering in search of a mate

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 spiders	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 spiders	cop
3	principally	principally	ADV	_	6 spiders	advmod
4	male	male	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 spiders	amod
5	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 spiders	compound
6	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 harmless	punct
8	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 spiders	amod
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 people	case
10	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 harmless	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 wandering	punct
12	wandering	wonder	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 harmless	advcl
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 search	case
14	search	search	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 wandering	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 mate	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 mate	det
17	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 search	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	male house spiders		principally property	tree rules
2	wonder speech: ask	gerund	They not said here		search of a mate		vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	search			a mate			nom search «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

They are spiders driven indoors by the presence of birds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 spiders	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 spiders	cop
3	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	driven	drive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 spiders	acl
5	indoors	indoors	ADV	_	4 driven	advmod
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 presence	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 presence	det
8	presence	presence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 driven	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 birds	case
10	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 presence	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	spiders					tree rules
2	drive	participle		spiders not said here				by the presence of birds; indoors property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

They are venomous spiders migrating from the garden to avoid frost, and their bite is commonly dangerous

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 spiders	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 spiders	cop
3	venomous	venomous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 spiders	amod
4	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	migrating	migrate	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 spiders	acl
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 garden	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 garden	det
8	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 migrating	obl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 avoid	mark
10	avoid	avoid	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 migrating	advcl
11	frost	frost	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 avoid	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 dangerous	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 dangerous	cc
14	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 bite	nmod:poss
15	bite	bite	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 dangerous	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 dangerous	cop
17	commonly	commonly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 dangerous	amod
18	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 spiders	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	venomous spiders			tree rules
2	migrate	gerund	venomous spiders not said here		the garden		tree rules
3	avoid	to-infinitive	venomous spiders not said here	frost			vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent frost=Location
4	is	present	spiders's bite			dangerous property	tree rules
5	bite		spiders = spider				nom bite «state transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

They are juvenile spiders newly hatched within the dwelling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 spiders	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 spiders	cop
3	juvenile	juvenile	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 spiders	amod
4	spiders	spider	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 hatched	nsubj
5	newly	newly	ADV	_	6 hatched	advmod
6	hatched	hatch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	within	within	ADP	_	9 dwelling	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 dwelling	det
9	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hatched	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	juvenile spiders					tree rules
2	hatch	past	juvenile spiders					within the dwelling; newly property	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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