Test 2 · The park pond through the year: ducks, coots, swans, drago…

«that swan's hissing, my mate says one can snap your arm, run!» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: hissing, one, swan · What happens: say, snap, run, hiss, be · To what, where: arm · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 of lesson 337 «The park pond through the year: ducks, coots, swans, dragonflies and ice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «that swan's hissing, my mate says one can snap your arm, run!»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 says	punct
2	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 swan	det
3	swan	swan	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hissing	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 swan	case
5	hissing	hissing	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 says	nsubj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 mate	punct
7	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 mate	nmod:poss
8	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hissing	conj
9	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 snap	nsubj
11	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 snap	aux
12	snap	snap	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 says	ccomp
13	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 arm	nmod:poss
14	arm	arm	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 snap	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 run	punct
16	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 snap	conj
17	!	!	PUNCT	_	9 says	punct
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: express in a quote	present	that swan's hissing and my mate		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	snap in a quote	can	one	your arm	vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location arm=Theme
3	run in a quote	infinitive	one not said here		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	hiss in a quote		that swan		nom hissing «event transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Hissing just means the swan wants some bread, so go closer and feed it

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hissing	hiss	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 means	nsubj
2	just	just	ADV	_	3 means	advmod
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 swan	det
5	swan	swan	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wants	nsubj
6	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 means	ccomp
7	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	8 bread	det
8	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wants	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 go	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	11 go	advmod
11	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 means	conj
12	closer	close	ADV	Degree=Cmp	11 go	advmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 feed	cc
14	feed	feed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 go	conj
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 feed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	hiss	gerund				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	mean	present				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	want	present	the swan	some bread		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot bread=Theme
4	go	infinitive			close property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	feed	present		bread		vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 2

Swans break arms every day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swans	swan	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 break	nsubj
2	break	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 break	obj
4	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 day	det
5	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 break	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	present	Swans	arms			day		vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer arm=Patient

Option 3

Swans are harmless and love hugs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swans	swan	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 harmless	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 harmless	cop
3	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 hugs	cc
5	love	love	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hugs	compound
6	hugs	hug	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 harmless	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Swans					harmless property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

That story is not proven; give the swan space, especially in spring

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 story	det
2	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 proven	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 proven	aux:pass
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 proven	advmod
5	proven	prove	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 give	punct
7	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 proven	conj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 space	det
9	swan	swan	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 space	compound
10	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 give	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 spring	punct
12	especially	especially	ADV	_	14 spring	advmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 spring	case
14	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 give	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not prove	present · passive		that story					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	give	infinitive		the swan space			spring		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent space=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/337-the-park-pond-through-the-year-ducks-coots-swans-dragonflies-and-ice/t2/