Test 7 · ★ · The vegetable patch: peas, potatoes, tomatoes and slugs

Why does a compost heap get warm in the middle?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: do, get · To what, where: compost heap

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 338 «The vegetable patch: peas, potatoes, tomatoes and slugs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 does	advmod
2	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 get	advcl
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 heap	det
4	compost	compost	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heap	compound
5	heap	heap	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 does	obj
6	get	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 get	xcomp
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 middle	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 middle	det
10	middle	middle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 warm	obl
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 get	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present		a compost heap					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heap=Eventuality
2	get	present						warm property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The sun shines down through the heap and warms the middle most

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sun	det
2	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shines	nsubj
3	shines	shine	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	down	down	ADV	_	3 shines	advmod
5	through	through	ADP	_	7 heap	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 heap	det
7	heap	heap	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shines	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 warms	cc
9	warms	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 shines	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 middle	det
11	middle	middle	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 warms	obj
12	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 warms	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shine down	present	the sun			the heap		down property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through heap=Location
2	warm	present	the sun not said here	the middle				most obl	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent middle=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Billions of tiny living things breaking it down give off heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Billions	billion	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 give	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 things	case
3	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 things	amod
4	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 things	amod
5	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Billions	nmod
6	breaking	break	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 things	acl
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 breaking	obj
8	down	down	ADP	_	6 breaking	compound:prt
9	give	give	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	off	off	ADP	_	9 give	compound:prt
11	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 give	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break down	gerund	tiny living things not said here	it					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
2	give off	infinitive	Billions of tiny living things	heat					vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source heat=Theme

Option 3

Rain soaks in and turns warm in the middle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 soaks	nsubj
2	soaks	soak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	2 soaks	compound:prt
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 turns	cc
5	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 soaks	conj
6	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 turns	xcomp
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 middle	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 middle	det
9	middle	middle	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 turns	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	soak in	present	Rain						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	turn	present	Rain not said here			the middle		warm property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in middle=Trajectory

Option 4

Worms rub together to make fire

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 rub	nsubj
2	rub	rub	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	together	together	ADV	_	2 rub	advmod
4	to	to	PART	_	5 make	mark
5	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 rub	advcl
6	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 make	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rub	present	Worms					together property	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent
2	make	to-infinitive	Worms not said here	fire					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fire=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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