Test 2 · ★ · Birds of prey and owls
A picture book shows a wise old owl with glasses who solves every riddle. Which birds really do better at puzzles?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: picture book, wise old owl, birds · What happens: show, solve, do · To what, where: wise old owl, riddle, puzzles
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 34 «Birds of prey and owls» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A picture book shows a wise old owl with glasses who solves every riddle.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 book | det |
| 2 | picture | picture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 book | compound |
| 3 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shows | nsubj |
| 4 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 owl | det |
| 6 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 owl | amod |
| 7 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 owl | amod |
| 8 | owl | owl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shows | obj |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 glasses | case |
| 10 | glasses | glass | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 owl | nmod |
| 11 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 solves | nsubj |
| 12 | solves | solve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 owl | acl:relcl |
| 13 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 riddle | det |
| 14 | riddle | riddle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 solves | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 shows | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present | a picture book | a wise old owl | with glasses | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent owl=Recipient | |||
| 2 | solve | present | a wise old owl | every riddle | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent riddle=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Which birds really do better at puzzles?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 2 birds | det |
| 2 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 do | nsubj |
| 3 | really | really | ADV | _ | 4 do | advmod |
| 4 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | better | well | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 4 do | advmod |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 puzzles | case |
| 7 | puzzles | puzzle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 do | obl |
| 8 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 do | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | present | which birds | puzzles | well property | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
The options
Option 1
Pigeons and farm ducks
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pigeons | pigeon | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 ducks | cc |
| 3 | farm | farm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ducks | compound |
| 4 | ducks | duck | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Pigeons | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
Chickens and geese
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chickens | chicken | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 geese | cc |
| 3 | geese | goose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Chickens | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice
Owls are the best at puzzles
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Owls | owl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 best | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 best | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 best | det |
| 4 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | root | root |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 puzzles | case |
| 6 | puzzles | puzzle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 best | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Owls | puzzles | good property | tree rules |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Crows and parrots
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Crows | crow | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 parrots | cc |
| 3 | parrots | parrot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Crows | conj |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/34-birds-of-prey-and-owls/t2/