Test 12 · ★★★ · Weeds and wildflowers: dandelions, nettles, daisies, clove…
A farmer's field has no fertiliser but a lot of clover, and the next crop grows well. What explains it?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: field, next crop · What happens: have, grow, explain · To what, where: fertiliser, crop
This is test 12 · ★★★ of lesson 340 «Weeds and wildflowers: dandelions, nettles, daisies, clover and plantain» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A farmer's field has no fertiliser but a lot of clover, and the next crop grows well.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 farmer | det |
| 2 | farmer | farmer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 field | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 farmer | case |
| 4 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 has | nsubj |
| 5 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 7 fertiliser | det |
| 7 | fertiliser | fertiliser | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 has | obj |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 10 lot | cc |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 lot | det |
| 10 | lot | lot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 fertiliser | conj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 clover | case |
| 12 | clover | clover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 lot | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 grows | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 grows | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 crop | det |
| 16 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 crop | amod |
| 17 | crop | crop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 grows | nsubj |
| 18 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 has | parataxis |
| 19 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 18 grows | advmod |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 has | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | a farmer's field | no fertiliser but a lot of clover | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fertiliser=Patient | ||||
| 2 | grow | present | the next crop | well property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What explains it?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 2 explains | nsubj |
| 2 | explains | explain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 explains | obj |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 explains | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | explain speech: assert | present | crop | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
The options
Option 1
Rabbits watered the field
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rabbits | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 watered | nsubj |
| 2 | watered | water | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 field | det |
| 4 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 watered | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | water | past | Rabbits | the field | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent field=Destination |
Option 2
Bees brought fertiliser from the town
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bees | bee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 brought | nsubj |
| 2 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | fertiliser | fertiliser | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 brought | obj |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 town | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 town | det |
| 6 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 brought | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring | past | Bees | fertiliser | the town | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent fertiliser=Theme from town=Initial_Location |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Bacteria in clover root lumps made fertiliser from the air
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bacteria | bacterium | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 made | nsubj |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 lumps | case |
| 3 | clover | clover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 lumps | compound |
| 4 | root | root | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 lumps | compound |
| 5 | lumps | lump | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Bacteria | nmod |
| 6 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | fertiliser | fertiliser | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 made | obj |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 air | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 air | det |
| 10 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 made | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | Bacteria in clover root lumps | fertiliser | the air | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset fertiliser=Product from air=Material |
Option 4
Clover leaves fell and turned into soil overnight
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Clover | clover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 leaves | nsubj |
| 2 | leaves | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 leaves | ccomp |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 turned | cc |
| 5 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 leaves | conj |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 soil | case |
| 7 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 turned | obl |
| 8 | overnight | overnight | ADV | _ | 5 turned | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | present | Clover | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | fall | past | Clover not said here | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | turn | past | Clover not said here | soil | overnight property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into soil=Trajectory |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/340-weeds-and-wildflowers-dandelions-nettles-daisies-clover-and-plantain/t12/