Exam question 3 · Sugar, chocolate, tea and coffee: the plants behind treats

Ascertain the reason for which chocolate is hazardous to dogs.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, chocolate · What happens: ascertain, be · To what, where: reason

This is exam question 3 of lesson 347 «Sugar, chocolate, tea and coffee: the plants behind treats» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 hazardous	obl
6	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hazardous	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 hazardous	cop
8	hazardous	hazardous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 reason	acl
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 dogs	case
10	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 hazardous	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the reason					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	is	present	chocolate					for the reason; to dogs; hazardous property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Dogs metabolise theobromine very slowly, so that it accumulates and affects the heart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 metabolise	nsubj
2	metabolise	metabolise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	theobromine	theobromine	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 metabolise	obj
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 slowly	advmod
5	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	2 metabolise	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 accumulates	punct
7	so	so	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	10 accumulates	mark
8	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 so	fixed
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 accumulates	nsubj
10	accumulates	accumulate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 metabolise	parataxis
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 affects	cc
12	affects	affect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 accumulates	conj
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 heart	det
14	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 affects	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	metabolise	present	Dogs	theobromine	slowly property	tree rules
2	accumulate	present	theobromine			vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	affect	present	theobromine not said here	the heart		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus heart=Experiencer

Option 2

Chocolate is excessively adhesive and adheres to the teeth of dogs, causing them to decay rapidly

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 adhesive	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 adhesive	cop
3	excessively	excessively	ADV	_	4 adhesive	advmod
4	adhesive	adhesive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 adheres	cc
6	adheres	adhere	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 adhesive	conj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 teeth	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 teeth	det
9	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 adheres	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 dogs	case
11	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 teeth	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 causing	punct
13	causing	cause	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 adhesive	conj
14	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 causing	obj
15	to	to	PART	_	16 decay	mark
16	decay	decay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 causing	xcomp
17	rapidly	rapidly	ADV	_	16 decay	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Chocolate		adhesive, excessively property	tree rules
2	adhere	present	Chocolate not said here		to the teeth of dogs	vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to tooth=Co-Theme
3	cause	gerund	Chocolate not said here	dogs = dog		tree rules
4	decay	to-infinitive	dogs = dog not said here		rapidly property	vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

Chocolate causes the immediate loss of canine fur

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 causes	nsubj
2	causes	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 loss	det
4	immediate	immediate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 loss	amod
5	loss	loss	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 causes	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 fur	case
7	canine	canine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 fur	amod
8	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 loss	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present	Chocolate	the immediate loss of canine fur					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition loss=Patient

Option 4

Dogs are universally allergic to sugar

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 allergic	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 allergic	cop
3	universally	universally	ADV	_	4 allergic	advmod
4	allergic	allergic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 sugar	mark
6	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 allergic	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Dogs					allergic, universally property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/347-sugar-chocolate-tea-and-coffee-the-plants-behind-treats/e3/