Exam question 2 · Teeth: enamel, sugar, holes, brushing and the dentist

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the significance of the frequency of sugar consumption?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: significance

This is exam question 2 of lesson 352 «Teeth: enamel, sugar, holes, brushing and the dentist» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 significance	det
10	significance	significance	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 frequency	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 frequency	det
13	frequency	frequency	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 significance	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 consumption	case
15	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 consumption	compound
16	consumption	consumption	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 frequency	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the significance of the frequency of sugar consumption				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Quantity alone is of consequence, the frequency of consumption being wholly immaterial to the teeth

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Quantity	quantity	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 consequence	nsubj
2	alone	alone	ADV	_	1 Quantity	advmod
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 consequence	cop
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 consequence	case
5	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 frequency	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 frequency	det
8	frequency	frequency	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 consequence	conj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 consumption	case
10	consumption	consumption	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 frequency	nmod
11	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 immaterial	cop
12	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	13 immaterial	advmod
13	immaterial	immaterial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 consequence	conj
14	to	to	ADP	_	16 teeth	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 teeth	det
16	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 immaterial	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Quantity					of consequence and the frequency of consumption	tree rules
2	is	gerund	Quantity not said here					to the teeth; immaterial, wholly property	tree rules

Option 2

Sugar consumed at mealtimes causes the greatest harm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 causes	nsubj
2	consumed	consume	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Sugar	acl
3	at	at	ADP	_	4 mealtimes	case
4	mealtimes	mealtime	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 consumed	obl
5	causes	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 harm	det
7	greatest	great	ADJ	Degree=Sup	8 harm	amod
8	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 causes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume	participle		Sugar not said here		mealtimes			vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	cause	present	Sugar	the greatest harm					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition harm=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Frequency is of greater consequence than quantity, each intake initiating a fresh acid attack

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Frequency	frequency	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 consequence	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 consequence	cop
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 consequence	case
4	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 consequence	amod
5	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	than	than	ADP	_	7 quantity	case
7	quantity	quantity	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 consequence	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 intake	punct
9	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	10 intake	det
10	intake	intake	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 consequence	conj
11	initiating	initiate	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 consequence	acl
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 attack	det
13	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 attack	amod
14	acid	acid	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 attack	compound
15	attack	attack	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 initiating	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Frequency					of greater consequence and each intake; than quantity	tree rules
2	initiate	gerund	greater consequence and each intake not said here	a fresh acid attack					vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attack=Patient

Option 4

Sugar consumed in small portions is wholly harmless

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 harmless	nsubj
2	consumed	consume	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Sugar	acl
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 portions	case
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 portions	amod
5	portions	portion	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 consumed	obl
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 harmless	cop
7	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	8 harmless	advmod
8	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume	participle		Sugar not said here		small portions			vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	Sugar					harmless, wholly property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/e2/