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Exam question 4 · Bones by name: shoulders, arms and hands

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the shoulder joint.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, shoulder joint

This is exam question 4 of lesson 358 «Bones by name: shoulders, arms and hands» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

detobjxcompcasedetamodoblacldetcompoundobjpunctrootSelectVERBtheDETresponseNOUNconsistentADJwithADPtheDETestablishedVERBfactsNOUNconcerningVERBtheDETshoulderNOUNjointNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1SelectselectVERBMood=Imp VerbForm=Finrootroot
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 responsedet
3responseresponseNOUNNumber=Sing1 Selectobj
4consistentconsistentADJDegree=Pos1 Selectxcomp
5withwithADP_8 factscase
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 factsdet
7establishedestablishVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass8 factsamod
8factsfactNOUNNumber=Plur4 consistentobl
9concerningconcernVERBVerbForm=Ger8 factsacl
10thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art12 jointdet
11shouldershoulderNOUNNumber=Sing12 jointcompound
12jointjointNOUNNumber=Sing9 concerningobj
13..PUNCT_1 Selectpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1selectimperativeyou not said herethe responseconsistent propertyvn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2establishparticiplevn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3concerngerundthe established facts not said herethe shoulder jointvn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus joint=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is a fused joint incapable of motion

nsubjcopdetamodcompoundcasenmodrootItPRONisAUXaDETfusedVERBjointNOUNincapableNOUNofADPmotionNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ItitPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs6 incapablensubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin6 incapablecop
3aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art6 incapabledet
4fusedfuseVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass6 incapableamod
5jointjointNOUNNumber=Sing6 incapablecompound
6incapableincapableNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
7ofofADP_8 motioncase
8motionmotionNOUNNumber=Sing6 incapablenmod
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1fuseparticiplevn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2is apresentIta fused joint incapableof motiontree rules

Option 2

It is the most stable joint of the body

nsubjcopdetadvmodamodcasedetnmodrootItPRONisAUXtheDETmostADVstableADJjointNOUNofADPtheDETbodyNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ItitPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs6 jointnsubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin6 jointcop
3thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art6 jointdet
4mostmostADVDegree=Sup5 stableadvmod
5stablestableADJDegree=Pos6 jointamod
6jointjointNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
7ofofADP_9 bodycase
8thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art9 bodydet
9bodybodyNOUNNumber=Sing6 jointnmod
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is apresentItthe stable jointof the bodytree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is a ball-and-socket joint, the most mobile of the body, with a shallow socket

The tree, 17 words
nsubjcopdetcompoundpunctccpunctcompoundpunctdetadvmodconjcasedetnmodpunctcasedetamodconjrootItPRONisAUXaDETballNOUN-PUNCTandCCONJ-PUNCTsocketNOUNjointNOUN,PUNCTtheDETmostADVmobileNOUNofADPtheDETbodyNOUN,PUNCTwithADPaDETshallowADJsocketNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ItitPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs9 jointnsubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin9 jointcop
3aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art9 jointdet
4ballballNOUNNumber=Sing9 jointcompound
5--PUNCT_9 jointpunct
6andandCCONJ_9 jointcc
7--PUNCT_6 andpunct
8socketsocketNOUNNumber=Sing9 jointcompound
9jointjointNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
10,,PUNCT_13 mobilepunct
11thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art13 mobiledet
12mostmostADVDegree=Sup13 mobileadvmod
13mobilemobileNOUNNumber=Sing9 jointconj
14ofofADP_16 bodycase
15thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art16 bodydet
16bodybodyNOUNNumber=Sing13 mobilenmod
17,,PUNCT_21 socketpunct
18withwithADP_21 socketcase
19aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art21 socketdet
20shallowshallowADJDegree=Pos21 socketamod
21socketsocketNOUNNumber=Sing9 jointconj
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is apresentIta ball socket joint and the mobile of the body and a shallow sockettree rules

Option 4

It is a hinge joint permitting motion in one plane alone

nsubjcopdetcompoundaclobjcasenummodobladvmodrootItPRONisAUXaDEThingeNOUNjointNOUNpermittingVERBmotionNOUNinADPoneNUMplaneNOUNaloneADV
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ItitPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs5 jointnsubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin5 jointcop
3aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art5 jointdet
4hingehingeNOUNNumber=Sing5 jointcompound
5jointjointNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
6permittingpermitVERBVerbForm=Ger5 jointacl
7motionmotionNOUNNumber=Sing6 permittingobj
8ininADP_10 planecase
9oneoneNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card10 planenummod
10planeplaneNOUNNumber=Sing6 permittingobl
11alonealoneADV_10 planeadvmod
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is apresentIta hinge jointtree rules
2permitgerunda hinge joint not said heremotionone planevn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent motion=Theme in plane=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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