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Test 9 · Bones by name: shoulders, arms and hands

A doctor sees only a few wrist bones on a child's X-ray, though the child is ten. What might that show?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: doctor, child · What happens: see, be, ray · To what, where: few wrist bones, X ray, ten

This is test 9 of lesson 358 «Bones by name: shoulders, arms and hands» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A doctor sees only a few wrist bones on a child's X-ray, though the child is ten.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 doctor	det
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sees	nsubj
3	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	8 bones	advmod
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bones	det
6	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 bones	amod
7	wrist	wrist	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 bones	compound
8	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sees	obj
9	on	on	ADP	_	15 ray	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 child	det
11	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 ray	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 child	case
13	X	x	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 ray	compound
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 X	punct
15	ray	ray	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 bones	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 ten	punct
17	though	though	SCONJ	_	21 ten	mark
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 child	det
19	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 ten	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 ten	cop
21	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 sees	obl
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sees	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present	a doctor	a few wrist bones		a child's X ray			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bone=Stimulus
2	is a	present	the child	ten					tree rules
3	ray		a child						nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What might that show?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 show	det
4	show	show	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1

The X-ray machine is broken

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 machine	det
2	X	x	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ray	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 X	punct
4	ray	ray	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 machine	compound
5	machine	machine	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 broken	nsubj:pass
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 broken	aux:pass
7	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break	present · passive		the ray machine					vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 2

The child is older than ten

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 child	det
2	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 older	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 older	cop
4	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	than	than	ADP	_	6 ten	case
6	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 older	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the child					than ten; old property	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The child's bones are growing slower than usual

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 child	det
2	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bones	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 child	case
4	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 growing	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 growing	aux
6	growing	grow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	slower	slow	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 growing	xcomp
8	than	than	ADP	_	9 usual	case
9	usual	usual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 slower	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present · progressive	the child's bones					slow property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

The child has lost some wrist bones in an accident long ago

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 child	det
2	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lost	nsubj:pass
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 lost	aux
4	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	7 bones	det
6	wrist	wrist	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bones	compound
7	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lost	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 accident	case
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 accident	det
10	accident	accident	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lost	obl
11	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	12 ago	advmod
12	ago	ago	ADV	_	4 lost	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present · perfect · passive		the child		a accident		ago property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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