Test 8 · Sleep and dreams in people

In a cartoon, Tom sleepwalks along a washing line with his eyes shut, dreaming of chasing Jerry. What is wrong with this picture?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Tom · What happens: sleepwalk, dream, chase, be · To what, where: cartoon, Jerry

This is test 8 of lesson 363 «Sleep and dreams in people» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, Tom sleepwalks along a washing line with his eyes shut, dreaming of chasing Jerry.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sleepwalks	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 sleepwalks	nsubj
6	sleepwalks	sleepwalk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	along	along	ADP	_	10 line	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 line	det
9	washing	washing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 line	compound
10	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sleepwalks	obl
11	with	with	ADP	_	13 eyes	case
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 eyes	nmod:poss
13	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 line	nmod
14	shut	shut	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sleepwalks	xcomp
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 dreaming	punct
16	dreaming	dream	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 sleepwalks	advcl
17	of	of	SCONJ	_	18 chasing	mark
18	chasing	chase	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 dreaming	advcl
19	Jerry	Jerry	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 chasing	obj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 sleepwalks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	sleepwalk	present	Tom		a cartoon	along a washing line with Tom's eyes; shut property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Trajectory
2	dream	gerund	Tom not said here				vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent
3	chase	gerund	Tom not said here	Jerry			vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jerry=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong with this picture?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 picture	case
5	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 picture	det
6	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wrong	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						with this picture; wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Real sleepwalking happens in deep sleep, not while dreaming, and dreaming switches muscles off

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 sleepwalking	amod
2	sleepwalking	sleepwalking	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happens	nsubj
3	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 sleep	case
5	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sleep	amod
6	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happens	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 dreaming	punct
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 dreaming	advmod
9	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 dreaming	mark
10	dreaming	dream	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 happens	advcl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 dreaming	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 dreaming	cc
13	dreaming	dream	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 happens	conj
14	switches	switch	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 muscles	compound
15	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 dreaming	obj
16	off	off	ADP	_	13 dreaming	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	happen	present	Real sleepwalking		deep sleep	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in sleep=Location
2	not dream	gerund	Real sleepwalking not said here			vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent
3	dream off	gerund	Real sleepwalking not said here	switches muscles		vn cognize-85 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent muscle=Topic

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Real sleepwalkers can walk on washing lines safely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 sleepwalkers	amod
2	sleepwalkers	sleepwalker	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 walk	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 walk	aux
4	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 lines	case
6	washing	washing	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lines	compound
7	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 walk	obl
8	safely	safely	ADV	_	4 walk	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	can	Real sleepwalkers			washing lines		safely property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on line=Trajectory

Option 3

Sleepwalkers always keep their eyes shut

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sleepwalkers	sleepwalker	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 keep	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 keep	advmod
3	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 eyes	nmod:poss
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 keep	obj
6	shut	shut	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 keep	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	Sleepwalkers	Sleepwalkers's eyes				always, shut property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Theme

Option 4

Cats never sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sleep	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 sleep	advmod
3	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not sleep	present	Cats						vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/t8/