Test 12 · The body's rough side: burps, farts, snot, sneezes, hiccup…

Why do so many hiccup cures exist when few are proven?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: many hiccup cures · What happens: exist, prove · To what, where: few

This is test 12 of lesson 364 «The body's rough side: burps, farts, snot, sneezes, hiccups and poo» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 exist	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 exist	aux
3	so	so	ADV	_	7 exist	advmod
4	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 cures	amod
5	hiccup	hiccup	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cures	compound
6	cures	cure	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 exist	nsubj
7	exist	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 proven	advcl
8	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	9 few	advmod
9	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 proven	nsubj:pass
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 proven	aux:pass
11	proven	prove	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	11 proven	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exist	present · do-support	many hiccup cures						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	prove	present · passive		few					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Every cure works for everybody

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 cure	det
2	cure	cure	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 works	nsubj
3	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 everybody	case
5	everybody	everybody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	3 works	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	every cure					for everybody	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for everybody=Beneficiary

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Hiccups usually stop on their own, so whatever you tried last seems to work

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hiccups	hiccup	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stop	nsubj
2	usually	usually	ADV	_	3 stop	advmod
3	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 own	case
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 own	nmod:poss
6	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stop	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 tried	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	11 tried	advmod
9	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 tried	obj
10	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 tried	nsubj
11	tried	try	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 stop	conj
12	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 seems	amod
13	seems	seem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 tried	ccomp
14	to	to	PART	_	15 work	mark
15	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 seems	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	stop	present	Hiccups		Hiccups's own	usually property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	try	past	you	whatever			tree rules
3	seem	present	you not said here				vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute
4	work	to-infinitive	you not said here				vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Doctors invented them all as jokes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Doctors	doctor	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 invented	nsubj
2	invented	invent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 invented	obj
4	all	all	ADV	_	6 jokes	advmod
5	as	as	ADV	_	6 jokes	advmod
6	jokes	joke	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 invented	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invent	past	Doctors	them = they				jokes obl	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Result

Option 4

Hiccups are caused by a different germ each time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hiccups	hiccup	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 caused	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	aux:pass
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 germ	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 germ	det
6	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 germ	amod
7	germ	germ	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl:agent
8	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	9 time	det
9	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present · passive	a different germ	Hiccups			time		vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/364-the-body-s-rough-side-burps-farts-snot-sneezes-hiccups-and-poo/t12/