Test 1 · ★★★ · Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping…

«a dung beetle pulls over a thousand times its weight, so a person-sized one would pull six buses lol» What is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: dung beetle, sized one · What happens: pull over, pull, be · To what, where: six buses · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 365 «Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping flea and the leggiest millipede» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 pulls	punct
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 beetle	det
3	dung	dung	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 beetle	compound
4	beetle	beetle	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pulls	nsubj
5	pulls	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 true	csubj
6	over	over	ADV	_	8 thousand	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 thousand	det
8	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 times	nummod
9	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 pulls	obl:unmarked
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 weight	nmod:poss
11	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 times	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 pull	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	20 pull	advmod
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 one	det
15	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 sized	compound
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	15 person	punct
17	sized	sized	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 one	amod
18	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 pull	nsubj
19	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 pull	aux
20	pull	pull	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 pulls	advcl
21	six	six	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	22 buses	nummod
22	buses	bus	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 pull	obj
23	lol	lol	INTJ	_	20 pull	discourse
24	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 pulls	punct
25	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	27 true	nsubj
26	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 true	cop
27	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
28	?	?	PUNCT	_	27 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	pull over in a quote	present	a dung beetle		time		vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	pull in a quote	would	a sized one	six buses			vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bus=Theme
3	is	present				true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, a big beetle would be even stronger for its size

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	9 stronger	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 beetle	det
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 beetle	amod
5	beetle	beetle	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stronger	nsubj
6	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 stronger	aux
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 stronger	cop
8	even	even	ADV	_	9 stronger	advmod
9	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
10	for	for	ADP	_	12 size	case
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 size	nmod:poss
12	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stronger	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	would	a big beetle					for beetle's size; strong property	tree rules

Option 2

Yes, all big animals are as strong as beetles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	8 strong	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 animals	det
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 animals	amod
5	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 strong	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 strong	cop
7	as	as	ADV	_	8 strong	advmod
8	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	as	as	ADP	_	10 beetles	case
10	beetles	beetle	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 strong	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	all big animals					as beetles; strong property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

No, if it grew to our size its weight would grow much faster than its strength

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 grew	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 grew	punct
3	if	if	SCONJ	_	5 grew	mark
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 grew	nsubj
5	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 size	case
7	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 size	nmod:poss
8	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 grew	obl
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 weight	nmod:poss
10	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 grow	nsubj
11	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 grow	aux
12	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 size	acl:relcl
13	much	much	ADV	_	14 faster	advmod
14	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	12 grow	advmod
15	than	than	ADP	_	17 strength	case
16	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 strength	nmod:poss
17	strength	strength	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 faster	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	past	it					to our size	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	grow	would	size's weight	our size not said here				fast property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location size=Theme

Option 4

No, beetles have no muscles at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 have	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	beetles	beetle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 muscles	det
6	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 muscles	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	beetles	no muscles		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent muscle=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/365-tiny-champions-the-strongest-beetle-the-highest-jumping-flea-and-the-leggiest-millipede/t1/