Test 11 · ★★★ · Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping…

Why might ordinary flat wings not work for a fairyfly smaller than a speck of dust?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: ordinary flat wings · What happens: not work

This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 365 «Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping flea and the leggiest millipede» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 work	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 work	aux
3	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 wings	amod
4	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 wings	amod
5	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 work	nsubj
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 work	advmod
7	work	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 fairyfly	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 fairyfly	det
10	fairyfly	fairyfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 work	obl
11	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 fairyfly	amod
12	than	than	ADP	_	14 speck	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 speck	det
14	speck	speck	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 smaller	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 dust	case
16	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 speck	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 work	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not work	might	ordinary flat wings					for a fairyfly	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for fairyfly=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

At that size air feels thick like syrup, so it rows with hairy wings

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	At	at	ADP	_	4 air	case
2	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 air	det
3	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 air	compound
4	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 feels	nsubj
5	feels	feel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 feels	xcomp
7	like	like	ADP	_	8 syrup	case
8	syrup	syrup	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 thick	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 rows	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	12 rows	advmod
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 rows	nsubj
12	rows	row	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 feels	conj
13	with	with	ADP	_	15 wings	case
14	hairy	hairy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 wings	amod
15	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 rows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feel	present	that size air					thick property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	row	present	air					with hairy wings	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Flat wings are only for birds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 wings	amod
2	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 birds	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 birds	cop
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 birds	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 birds	case
6	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Flat wings					for birds	tree rules

Option 3

Fairyflies live underwater

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fairyflies	fairyfly	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 live	nsubj
2	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	underwater	underwater	ADV	_	2 live	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	Fairyflies					underwater property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Flat wings are too heavy for any insect

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 wings	amod
2	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 heavy	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 heavy	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 heavy	advmod
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 insect	case
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	8 insect	det
8	insect	insect	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heavy	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Flat wings					for any insect; heavy property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/365-tiny-champions-the-strongest-beetle-the-highest-jumping-flea-and-the-leggiest-millipede/t11/