Exam question 1 · Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-nosed moles, saigas,…
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the scales of the pangolin?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: scales
This is exam question 1 of lesson 366 «Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-nosed moles, saigas, pangolins and hagfish» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 statements | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 statements | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 statements | amod |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obl |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 accurately | advmod |
| 7 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 8 characterises | advmod |
| 8 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 scales | det |
| 10 | scales | scale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 pangolin | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 pangolin | det |
| 13 | pangolin | pangolin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 scales | nmod |
| 14 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | the scales of the pangolin | of the following statements; accurately property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
They are composed of stone which is swallowed with food
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 composed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 composed | aux:pass |
| 3 | composed | compose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 stone | case |
| 5 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 composed | obl |
| 6 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 swallowed | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 swallowed | aux:pass |
| 8 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 stone | acl:relcl |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 food | case |
| 10 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swallowed | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | compose | present · passive | They | of stone | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | ||||
| 2 | swallow | present · passive | stone | with food | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
They are composed of bone and cure numerous diseases of the blood
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 composed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 composed | aux:pass |
| 3 | composed | compose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 bone | case |
| 5 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 composed | obl |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 cure | cc |
| 7 | cure | cure | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 composed | conj |
| 8 | numerous | numerous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 diseases | amod |
| 9 | diseases | disease | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 cure | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 blood | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 blood | det |
| 12 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 diseases | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | compose | present · passive | They | of bone | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | ||||
| 2 | cure | present | numerous diseases of the blood | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer disease=Source |
Option 3
They are composed of shell resembling that of a snail
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 composed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 composed | aux:pass |
| 3 | composed | compose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 shell | case |
| 5 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 composed | obl |
| 6 | resembling | resemble | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 composed | advcl |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 resembling | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 snail | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 snail | det |
| 10 | snail | snail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 that | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | compose | present · passive | They | of shell | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | ||||
| 2 | resemble | gerund | that | tree rules |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
They are composed of keratin and possess no medicinal value
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 composed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 composed | aux:pass |
| 3 | composed | compose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 keratin | case |
| 5 | keratin | keratin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 composed | obl |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 possess | cc |
| 7 | possess | possess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 composed | conj |
| 8 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 10 value | det |
| 9 | medicinal | medicinal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 value | amod |
| 10 | value | value | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 possess | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | compose | present · passive | They | of keratin | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | ||||
| 2 | possess | present | no medicinal value | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot value=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish/e1/