Exam question 2 · Animal colours: pink flamingos, rare blue animals, white a…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the blue colouration of most animals?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: blue colouration

This is exam question 2 of lesson 367 «Animal colours: pink flamingos, rare blue animals, white albinos and black panthers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 colouration	det
10	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 colouration	amod
11	colouration	colouration	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 animals	case
13	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	14 animals	amod
14	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 colouration	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the blue colouration of most animals				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It arises from blue pigment which is abundant in the bodies of animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 arises	nsubj
2	arises	arise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 pigment	case
4	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 pigment	amod
5	pigment	pigment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 arises	obl
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 abundant	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 abundant	cop
8	abundant	abundant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 pigment	acl:relcl
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 bodies	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 bodies	det
11	bodies	body	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 abundant	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 animals	case
13	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 bodies	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arise	present	It			blue pigment			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	blue pigment			the bodies of animals		abundant property	tree rules

Option 2

It arises from blue blood beneath the skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 arises	nsubj
2	arises	arise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 blood	case
4	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 blood	amod
5	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 arises	obl
6	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	8 skin	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 skin	det
8	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 arises	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arise	present	It			blue blood		beneath the skin	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath skin=Location

Option 3

It arises from the consumption of blue food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 arises	nsubj
2	arises	arise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 consumption	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 consumption	det
5	consumption	consumption	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 arises	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 food	case
7	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 food	amod
8	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 consumption	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arise	present	It			the consumption of blue food			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	consume			blue food					nom consumption «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It arises from minute structures scattering light rather than from pigment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 arises	nsubj
2	arises	arise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 structures	case
4	minute	minute	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 structures	compound
5	structures	structure	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 arises	obl
6	scattering	scatter	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 structures	acl
7	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 scattering	obj
8	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	11 pigment	cc
9	than	than	ADP	_	8 rather	fixed
10	from	from	ADP	_	11 pigment	case
11	pigment	pigment	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 scattering	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arise	present	It			minute structures			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	scatter	gerund	minute structures not said here	light					vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent light=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/367-animal-colours-pink-flamingos-rare-blue-animals-white-albinos-and-black-panthers/e2/