Test 9 · ★ · Animal colours: pink flamingos, rare blue animals, white a…

Why would being bright be safer than hiding for a bitter ladybird?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be, hide

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 367 «Animal colours: pink flamingos, rare blue animals, white albinos and black panthers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 safer	advmod
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 safer	aux
3	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 safer	cop
4	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 safer	amod
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 safer	cop
6	safer	safe	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
7	than	than	SCONJ	_	8 hiding	mark
8	hiding	hide	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 safer	advcl
9	for	for	ADP	_	12 ladybird	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 ladybird	det
11	bitter	bitter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 ladybird	amod
12	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hiding	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 safer	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	would						safe property	tree rules
2	hide	gerund						for a bitter ladybird	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Birds learn that red and black means a nasty taste

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 learn	nsubj
2	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 means	mark
4	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 means	nsubj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 black	cc
6	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 red	conj
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 learn	ccomp
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 taste	det
9	nasty	nasty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 taste	amod
10	taste	taste	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 means	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	present	Birds						vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	mean	present	red	a nasty taste					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent taste=Topic

Option 2

Bright colours keep it warm on cold days

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 colours	amod
2	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 keep	nsubj
3	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 keep	obj
5	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 keep	xcomp
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 days	case
7	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 days	amod
8	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 keep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	Bright colours	it			day	warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3

Birds cannot see red

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 see	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 see	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 see	advmod
4	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 see	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not see	can	Birds	red					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer red=Stimulus

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Bright colours make it fly faster than birds can chase

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 colours	amod
2	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	nsubj
3	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 make	obj
5	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 make	xcomp
6	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 fly	advmod
7	than	than	SCONJ	_	10 chase	mark
8	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 chase	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 chase	aux
10	chase	chase	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 fly	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	make	present	Bright colours	it		tree rules
2	fly	infinitive			fast property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	chase	can	birds			vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/367-animal-colours-pink-flamingos-rare-blue-animals-white-albinos-and-black-panthers/t9/