Exam question 3 · City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregri…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the common swift.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, common swift

This is exam question 3 of lesson 369 «City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 swift	det
11	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 swift	amod
12	swift	swift	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the common swift		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus swift=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is capable of remaining airborne for approximately ten months without alighting

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 capable	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 capable	cop
3	capable	capable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 airborne	mark
5	remaining	remain	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 airborne	aux:pass
6	airborne	airborne	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 capable	xcomp
7	for	for	ADP	_	10 months	case
8	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	9 ten	advmod
9	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 months	nummod
10	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 airborne	obl
11	without	without	SCONJ	_	12 alighting	mark
12	alighting	alight	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 airborne	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It		capable property	tree rules
2	airborne	gerund · passive		month		tree rules
3	alight	gerund				tree rules

Option 2

It nests exclusively upon the ground and is unable to fly for more than a few minutes

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 nests	nsubj
2	nests	nest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	2 nests	advmod
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 ground	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ground	det
6	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 nests	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 unable	cc
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 unable	cop
9	unable	unable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 nests	conj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 fly	mark
11	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 unable	xcomp
12	for	for	ADP	_	17 minutes	case
13	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV	17 minutes	advmod
14	than	than	ADP	_	13 more	fixed
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 minutes	det
16	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 minutes	amod
17	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 fly	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	nest	present	It		upon the ground; exclusively property	vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present			unable property	tree rules
3	fly	to-infinitive		minute		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

It winters beneath the snow in northern Europe

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 winters	nsubj
2	winters	winter	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	5 snow	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 snow	det
5	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 winters	nmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 Europe	case
7	northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 Europe	amod
8	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 winters	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

It is incapable of flight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 incapable	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 incapable	cop
3	incapable	incapable	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 flight	case
5	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 incapable	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	incapable				of flight	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/e3/