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Test 1 · ★ · Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshop…

In a cartoon a caterpillar just grows wings while still being a caterpillar. What really happens?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: caterpillar · What happens: grow, be, happen · To what, where: wings, cartoon, caterpillar

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 37 «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a caterpillar just grows wings while still being a caterpillar.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 grows	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 caterpillar	det
5	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 grows	nsubj
6	just	just	ADV	_	7 grows	advmod
7	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 grows	obj
9	while	while	SCONJ	_	13 caterpillar	mark
10	still	still	ADV	_	13 caterpillar	advmod
11	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 caterpillar	cop
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 caterpillar	det
13	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 grows	advcl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 grows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	a caterpillar	wings		a cartoon			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wing=Theme
2	is a	gerund	a caterpillar not said here	a caterpillar			still		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What really happens?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happens	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 happens	advmod
3	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

It turns into a bird

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 turns	nsubj
2	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	into	into	ADP	_	5 bird	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 bird	det
5	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turns	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	It					into a bird result	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into bird=Result

Option 2

It eats wings off leaves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 eats	nsubj
2	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eats	obj
4	off	off	ADP	_	2 eats	compound:prt
5	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eats	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat off	present	It	wings					tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It forms a chrysalis, where its body is rebuilt into a butterfly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 forms	nsubj
2	forms	form	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 chrysalis	det
4	chrysalis	chrysalis	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 forms	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 rebuilt	punct
6	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	10 rebuilt	advmod
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 body	nmod:poss
8	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 rebuilt	nsubj:pass
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 rebuilt	aux:pass
10	rebuilt	rebuild	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 chrysalis	acl:relcl
11	into	into	ADP	_	13 butterfly	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 butterfly	det
13	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 rebuilt	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	present	It	a chrysalis					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location chrysalis=Theme
2	rebuild	present · passive		chrysalis's body				into a butterfly	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Option 4

It borrows wings from a moth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 borrows	nsubj
2	borrows	borrow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 borrows	obj
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 moth	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 moth	det
6	moth	moth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 borrows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	borrow	present	It	wings		a moth			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent wing=Theme from moth=Source

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/t1/