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Test 9 · ★ · Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshop…

In a game, a glow-worm is a wiggly worm that lights up. What would you correct?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: glow worm, wiggly worm, you · What happens: be, light up, correct · To what, where: wiggly worm, game

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 37 «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a game, a glow-worm is a wiggly worm that lights up.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 game	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 game	det
3	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 worm	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 game	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 worm	det
6	glow	glow	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 worm	compound
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 glow	punct
8	worm	worm	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 worm	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 worm	cop
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 worm	det
11	wiggly	wiggly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 worm	amod
12	worm	worm	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 lights	nsubj
14	lights	light	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 worm	acl:relcl
15	up	up	ADP	_	14 lights	compound:prt
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 worm	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a glow worm	a wiggly worm		a game			tree rules
2	light up	present	a wiggly worm						vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would you correct?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 correct	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 correct	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 correct	nsubj
4	correct	correct	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 correct	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	correct speech: disagree	would	you						vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent what=Patient

The options

Option 1

It is a snake that glows

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 snake	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 snake	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 snake	det
4	snake	snake	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 glows	nsubj
6	glows	glow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 snake	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a snake					tree rules
2	glow	present	a snake						vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Only male glow-worms glow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	5 worms	advmod
2	male	male	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 worms	amod
3	glow	glow	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 worms	compound
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 glow	punct
5	worms	worm	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 glow	nsubj
6	glow	glow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	glow	present	male glow worms						vn light_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A glow-worm is a beetle, and the glowing one is the wingless female

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 worm	det
2	glow	glow	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 worm	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 glow	punct
4	worm	worm	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 beetle	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 beetle	cop
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 beetle	det
7	beetle	beetle	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 female	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 female	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 one	det
11	glowing	glow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 one	amod
12	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 female	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 female	cop
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 female	det
15	wingless	wingless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 female	amod
16	female	female	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 beetle	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a glow worm	a beetle and the wingless female					tree rules
2	glow	gerund							vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is a	present	the glowing one	the wingless female					tree rules

Option 4

It is a worm that lights up with electricity

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 worm	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 worm	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 worm	det
4	worm	worm	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 lights	nsubj
6	lights	light	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 worm	acl:relcl
7	up	up	ADP	_	6 lights	compound:prt
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 electricity	case
9	electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lights	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a worm					tree rules
2	light up	present	a worm					with electricity	vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent with electricity=Material

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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