Exam question 1 · Street dogs and cats: feeding, safety and never touching a…

Identify the principal reason for which a person ought to remain motionless, rather than flee, when approached by an unfamiliar dog.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, person · What happens: identify, remain, flee, approach · To what, where: principal reason

This is exam question 1 of lesson 371 «Street dogs and cats: feeding, safety and never touching a strange animal» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 remain	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 person	det
8	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 remain	nsubj
9	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 remain	aux
10	to	to	PART	_	11 remain	mark
11	remain	remain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 reason	ccomp
12	motionless	motionless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 remain	xcomp
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 flee	punct
14	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	16 flee	cc
15	than	than	ADP	_	14 rather	fixed
16	flee	flee	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 remain	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 approached	punct
18	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	19 approached	advmod
19	approached	approach	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 flee	conj
20	by	by	ADP	_	23 dog	case
21	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 dog	det
22	unfamiliar	unfamiliar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 dog	amod
23	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 approached	obl:agent
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	remain	ought	a person		for the principal reason; motionless property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	flee	infinitive	a person not said here			vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	approach	participle	a person not said here			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Dogs are incapable of perceiving stationary objects

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 incapable	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 incapable	cop
3	incapable	incapable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 perceiving	mark
5	perceiving	perceive	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 incapable	advcl
6	stationary	stationary	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 objects	compound
7	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 perceiving	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Dogs					incapable property	tree rules
2	perceive	gerund	Dogs not said here	stationary objects					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer object=Stimulus

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Flight may provoke the animal to give chase

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 provoke	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 provoke	aux
3	provoke	provoke	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 animal	det
5	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 provoke	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 give	mark
7	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 provoke	xcomp
8	chase	chase	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 give	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	provoke	may	Flight	the animal					tree rules
2	give	to-infinitive	Flight not said here	chase					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chase=Theme

Option 3

Running is prohibited in public places

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Running	run	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 prohibited	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 prohibited	aux:pass
3	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 places	case
5	public	public	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 places	amod
6	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 prohibited	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	gerund							vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	prohibit	present · passive				public places			vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4

Dogs invariably flee from those who run

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 flee	nsubj
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	3 flee	advmod
3	flee	flee	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 those	case
5	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	3 flee	obl
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 run	nsubj
7	run	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 those	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flee	present	Dogs			those		invariably property	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from that=Initial_Location
2	run	present							vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/371-street-dogs-and-cats-feeding-safety-and-never-touching-a-strange-animal/e1/