Test 4 · ★ · Giant reptiles of the past: Titanoboa, Sarcosuchus, Deinos…

«a croc in the Sahara?? that's made up mate» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: croc · What happens: make up, be · To what, where: croc

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 383 «Giant reptiles of the past: Titanoboa, Sarcosuchus, Deinosuchus and giant tortoises» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	16 right	punct
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 croc	det
3	croc	croc	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 right	nsubj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 Sahara	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Sahara	det
6	Sahara	Sahara	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 croc	nmod
7	??	??	PUNCT	_	10 made	punct
8	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	10 made	nsubj:pass
9	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 made	aux:pass
10	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 croc	acl
11	up	up	ADP	_	10 made	compound:prt
12	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 made	vocative
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 made	punct
14	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	16 right	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 right	cop
16	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	16 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make up in a quote	present · passive	a croc in the Sahara not said here	a croc in the Sahara				mate vocative	vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot
2	is	present	a croc in the Sahara					right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Someone buried the bones there as a joke to fool the scientists

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 buried	nsubj
2	buried	bury	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bones	det
4	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 buried	obj
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 buried	advmod
6	as	as	ADP	_	8 joke	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 joke	det
8	joke	joke	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 buried	obl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 fool	mark
10	fool	fool	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 buried	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 scientists	det
12	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 fool	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bury	past	Someone	the bones		there		as a joke	vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Theme
2	fool	to-infinitive	Someone not said here	the scientists					vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scientist=Patient

Option 2

The bones blew there in a storm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bones	det
2	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 blew	nsubj
3	blew	blow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 blew	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 storm	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 storm	det
7	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blew	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blow	past	the bones			a storm; there			vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient

Option 3

Crocodiles have always lived in sand, like lizards

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lived	nsubj
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 lived	aux
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 lived	advmod
4	lived	live	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 sand	case
6	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lived	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 lizards	punct
8	like	like	ADP	_	9 lizards	case
9	lizards	lizard	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present · perfect	Crocodiles			sand		like lizards; always property	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sand=Location

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The Sahara once had rivers and swamps where SuperCroc lived

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sahara	det
2	Sahara	Sahara	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 had	nsubj
3	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	4 had	advmod
4	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 had	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 swamps	cc
7	swamps	swamp	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 rivers	conj
8	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	10 lived	advmod
9	SuperCroc	SuperCroc	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 lived	nsubj
10	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 had	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	the Sahara	rivers and swamps				once property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient
2	live	past	SuperCroc						vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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