Exam question 3 · Giants people saw: Steller's sea cow, Haast's eagle, giant…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the dentition of Steller's sea cow.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, dentition

This is exam question 3 of lesson 386 «Giants people saw: Steller's sea cow, Haast's eagle, giant lemurs and elephant birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 dentition	det
11	dentition	dentition	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	16 cow	case
13	Steller	Steller	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 cow	nmod:poss
14	's	's	PART	_	13 Steller	case
15	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 cow	compound
16	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 dentition	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the dentition of Steller's sea cow		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus dentition=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It possessed teeth identical in every respect to those of the manatee and the dugong

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possessed	nsubj
2	possessed	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 possessed	obj
4	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 possessed	xcomp
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 respect	case
6	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	7 respect	det
7	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 possessed	obl
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 those	case
9	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	7 respect	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 manatee	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 manatee	det
12	manatee	manatee	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 those	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 dugong	cc
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 dugong	det
15	dugong	dugong	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 manatee	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	past	It	teeth		every respect to those		identical property	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tooth=Theme

Option 2

It possessed a beak like that of a turtle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possessed	nsubj
2	possessed	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 beak	det
4	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 possessed	obj
5	like	like	ADP	_	6 that	case
6	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 possessed	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 turtle	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 turtle	det
9	turtle	turtle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 that	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	past	It	a beak				like that	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot beak=Theme

Option 3

It possessed long fangs for seizing fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possessed	nsubj
2	possessed	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 fangs	amod
4	fangs	fang	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 possessed	obj
5	for	for	SCONJ	_	6 seizing	mark
6	seizing	seize	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 possessed	advcl
7	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 seizing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	past	It	long fangs					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot fang=Theme
2	seize	gerund		fish					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It possessed no teeth, employing rough horny plates to crush seaweed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 possessed	nsubj
2	possessed	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 teeth	det
4	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 possessed	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 employing	punct
6	employing	employ	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 possessed	advcl
7	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 plates	amod
8	horny	horny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 plates	amod
9	plates	plate	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 employing	obj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 crush	mark
11	crush	crush	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 employing	advcl
12	seaweed	seaweed	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 crush	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	possess	past	It	no teeth	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tooth=Theme
2	employ	gerund		rough horny plates	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plate=Theme
3	crush	to-infinitive		seaweed	vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seaweed=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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