Test 7 · ★ · Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and A…

«why'd a monkey in Brazil and a chimp in Africa both use stones, did they copy?» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: monkey, stones · What happens: use, copy, be · To what, where: stones

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 387 «Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and Ayumu's memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «why'd a monkey in Brazil and a chimp in Africa both use stones, did they copy?»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	19 copy	punct
2	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	14 use	advmod
3	'd	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 use	aux
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 monkey	det
5	monkey	monkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 use	nsubj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 Brazil	case
7	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 monkey	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 chimp	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 chimp	det
10	chimp	chimp	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 Brazil	conj
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 Africa	case
12	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 chimp	nmod
13	both	both	ADV	_	14 use	advmod
14	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 copy	advcl
15	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 use	obj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 use	punct
17	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 copy	aux
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 copy	nsubj
19	copy	copy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	19 copy	punct
21	»	»	PUNCT	_	19 copy	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use in a quote	would	a monkey in Brazil and a chimp in Africa	stones				both property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Patient
2	copy in a quote	past · do-support	stones = stone						vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

They are the same animal, only living in two places far apart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 animal	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 animal	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 animal	det
4	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 animal	amod
5	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 living	punct
7	only	only	ADV	_	8 living	advmod
8	living	live	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 animal	acl:relcl
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 places	case
10	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 places	nummod
11	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 living	obl
12	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	13 apart	advmod
13	apart	apart	ADV	_	8 living	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	the same animal					tree rules
2	live	gerund	the same animal not said here			two places		apart property	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They worked it out separately, because stones are good for cracking hard nuts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 worked	nsubj
2	worked	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 worked	obj
4	out	out	ADP	_	2 worked	compound:prt
5	separately	separately	ADV	_	2 worked	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 good	punct
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 good	mark
8	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 good	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 good	cop
10	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 worked	parataxis
11	for	for	SCONJ	_	12 cracking	mark
12	cracking	crack	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 good	advcl
13	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 nuts	amod
14	nuts	nut	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 cracking	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	work out	past	They	it	separately property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic
2	is	present	stones		good property	tree rules
3	crack	gerund	stones not said here	hard nuts		vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location nut=Theme

Option 3

The monkeys taught the chimps by phone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 monkeys	det
2	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 taught	nsubj
3	taught	teach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 chimps	det
5	chimps	chimp	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 taught	obj
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 phone	case
7	phone	phone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 taught	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	teach speech: other	past	the monkeys	the chimps				by phone	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent chimp=Recipient

Option 4

The chimps sailed to Brazil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 chimps	det
2	chimps	chimp	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sailed	nsubj
3	sailed	sail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 Brazil	case
5	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 sailed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sail	past	the chimps			Brazil			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to brazil=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory/t7/