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home / corpora / questions / Biology / How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphin… / t1

Test 1 · How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses,…

In Ice Age, Sid the sloth is lazy and sleepy. A friend says sloths sleep twenty hours a day. What is right?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: sloth, friend, sloths · What happens: be, say, sleep · To what, where: Ice Age · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 390 «How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses, short-sleeping giraffes and birds that nap in the air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In Ice Age, Sid the sloth is lazy and sleepy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 Age	case
2	Ice	Ice	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Age	compound
3	Age	Age	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 lazy	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Sid	punct
5	Sid	Sid	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Age	conj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sloth	det
7	sloth	sloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lazy	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 lazy	cop
9	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 sleepy	cc
11	sleepy	sleepy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 lazy	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 lazy	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the sloth				in Ice Age and Sid	lazy property	tree rules
2	be		the sloth not said here						tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: A friend says sloths sleep twenty hours a day.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 friend	det
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 sleep	nsubj
5	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
6	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 hours	nummod
7	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 sleep	obl:unmarked
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 day	det
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hours	nmod:unmarked
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a friend						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	sleep	present	sloths				hour		vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Sentence 3: What is right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Yes, twenty hours in the wild, even more than in the zoo

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 hours	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 hours	nummod
4	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 wild	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wild	det
7	wild	wild	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hours	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 zoo	punct
9	even	even	ADV	_	10 more	advmod
10	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	14 zoo	advmod
11	than	than	ADP	_	14 zoo	case
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 zoo	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 zoo	det
14	zoo	zoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hours	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Sloths never sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sleep	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 sleep	advmod
3	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not sleep	present	Sloths						vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Wild sloths were reported to sleep about nine or ten hours

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 sloths	amod
2	sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 reported	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 reported	aux:pass
4	reported	report	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 sleep	mark
6	sleep	sleep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 reported	xcomp
7	about	about	ADV	_	8 nine	advmod
8	nine	nine	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 hours	nummod
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 ten	cc
10	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 nine	conj
11	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 sleep	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	report	past · passive		Wild sloths					tree rules
2	sleep	to-infinitive					hour		vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Sloths sleep only one hour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sleep	nsubj
2	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 one	advmod
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 hour	nummod
5	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sleep	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sleep	present	Sloths				hour		vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/t1/