Test 9 · Mushrooms and creatures to avoid in the woods: death caps,… A huge orange-and-brown wasp buzzes past. Your friend starts waving his arms. Why is walking away better?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: huge orange, friend · What happens: buzz, start, wave, walk away · To what, where: arms
This is test 9 of lesson 393 «Mushrooms and creatures to avoid in the woods: death caps, adders, ticks and hornets» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: A huge orange-and-brown wasp buzzes past.
det amod nsubj punct cc punct amod appos advmod punct root A DET huge ADJ orange NOUN - PUNCT and CCONJ - PUNCT brown ADJ wasp NOUN buzzes VERB past ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 orange det 2 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 3 orange amod 3 orange orange NOUN Number=Sing 9 buzzes nsubj 4 - - PUNCT _ 8 wasp punct 5 and and CCONJ _ 8 wasp cc 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 and punct 7 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 8 wasp amod 8 wasp wasp NOUN Number=Sing 3 orange appos 9 buzzes buzz VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 past past ADV _ 9 buzzes advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 9 buzzes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buzz present a huge orange past property vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Your friend starts waving his arms.
nmod:poss nsubj xcomp nmod:poss obj punct root Your PRON friend NOUN starts VERB waving VERB his PRON arms NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friend nmod:poss 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 3 starts nsubj 3 starts start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 waving wave VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 starts xcomp 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 arms nmod:poss 6 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 4 waving obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 starts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 start present Your friend vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 wave gerund Your friend not said here friend's arms vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient
Sentence 3: Why is walking away better?
advmod aux advmod xcomp punct root Why ADV is AUX walking VERB away ADV better ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Why why ADV PronType=Int 3 walking advmod 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 walking aux 3 walking walk VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 away away ADV _ 3 walking advmod 5 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 walking xcomp 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 walking punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk away present · progressive away, good property vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
The options Option 1 Hornets cannot see people who walk
nsubj aux advmod obj nsubj acl:relcl root Hornets NOUN can AUX not PART see VERB people NOUN who PRON walk VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hornets hornet NOUN Number=Plur 4 see nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 see aux 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 see advmod 4 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 people people NOUN Number=Plur 4 see obj 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 7 walk nsubj 7 walk walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 people acl:relcl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not see can Hornets people vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Stimulus 2 walk present people vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice Waving your arms about is the only thing that makes hornets fall asleep in the air
The tree, 16 words csubj nmod:poss obj advmod cop det amod nsubj acl:relcl obj xcomp xcomp case det obl root Waving VERB your PRON arms NOUN about ADV is AUX the DET only ADJ thing NOUN that PRON makes VERB hornets NOUN fall VERB asleep ADJ in ADP the DET air NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Waving wave VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 thing csubj 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 arms nmod:poss 3 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 1 Waving obj 4 about about ADV _ 1 Waving advmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 thing cop 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 thing det 7 only only ADJ Degree=Pos 8 thing amod 8 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 makes nsubj 10 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 thing acl:relcl 11 hornets hornet NOUN Number=Plur 10 makes obj 12 fall fall VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 makes xcomp 13 asleep asleep ADJ Degree=Pos 12 fall xcomp 14 in in ADP _ 16 air case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 air det 16 air air NOUN Number=Sing 10 makes obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wave gerund your arms about property vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient 2 is a present Waving the only thing tree rules 3 make present the only thing hornets the air tree rules 4 fall infinitive hornets not said here asleep property vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer Hornets sting when they feel attacked, and calm walking does not threaten them
nsubj advmod nsubj advcl xcomp punct cc amod nsubj aux advmod conj obj root Hornets NOUN sting VERB when ADV they PRON feel VERB attacked VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ calm ADJ walking NOUN does AUX not PART threaten VERB them PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hornets hornet NOUN Number=Plur 2 sting nsubj 2 sting sting VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 when when ADV PronType=Int 5 feel advmod 4 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 feel nsubj 5 feel feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 sting advcl 6 attacked attack VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 feel xcomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 13 threaten punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 13 threaten cc 9 calm calm ADJ Degree=Pos 10 walking amod 10 walking walking NOUN Number=Sing 13 threaten nsubj 11 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 threaten aux 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 threaten advmod 13 threaten threaten VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 sting conj 14 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 threaten obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sting present Hornets vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 feel present Hornets = hornet vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 attack participle Hornets = hornet not said here vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 not threaten present · do-support calm walking Hornets = hornet vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer
Option 4 Hornets only sting people who stand still
nsubj advmod obj nsubj acl:relcl advmod root Hornets NOUN only ADV sting VERB people NOUN who PRON stand VERB still ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Hornets hornet NOUN Number=Plur 3 sting nsubj 2 only only ADV _ 3 sting advmod 3 sting sting VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 sting obj 5 who who PRON PronType=Rel 6 stand nsubj 6 stand stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 people acl:relcl 7 still still ADV _ 3 sting advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sting present Hornets people still vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus people=Experiencer 2 stand present people vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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