Exam question 3 · Documentaries vs cartoons: added sounds, edited stories an…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning communication among animals.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, communication

This is exam question 3 of lesson 395 «Documentaries vs cartoons: added sounds, edited stories and what is real» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	communication	communication	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
11	among	among	ADP	_	12 animals	case
12	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 concerning	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	communication	among animals	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus communication=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Domestic cats and mice converse in words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 cats	amod
2	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 converse	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 mice	cc
4	mice	mouse	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cats	conj
5	converse	converse	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 words	case
7	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 converse	obl

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Parrots compose original sentences in human languages and employ them to describe past events and future intentions

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Parrots	parrot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 compose	nsubj
2	compose	compose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	original	original	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 sentences	amod
4	sentences	sentence	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 compose	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 languages	case
6	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 languages	amod
7	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 compose	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 employ	cc
9	employ	employ	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 compose	conj
10	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 employ	obj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 describe	mark
12	describe	describe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 employ	xcomp
13	past	past	ADP	_	14 events	case
14	events	event	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 describe	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 intentions	cc
16	future	future	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 intentions	amod
17	intentions	intention	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 events	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	compose	present	Parrots	original sentences	human languages		vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sentence=Result
2	employ	infinitive	Parrots not said here	sentences = sentence			vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme clause=Attribute
3	describe	to-infinitive	Parrots not said here			past events and future intentions	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Animals communicate by sounds, smells and movements, but none has been shown to employ a language comparable to human language

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 communicate	nsubj
2	communicate	communicate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	by	by	ADP	_	4 sounds	case
4	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 communicate	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 smells	punct
6	smells	smell	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 sounds	conj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 movements	cc
8	movements	movement	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 sounds	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 shown	punct
10	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 shown	cc
11	none	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	14 shown	nsubj:pass
12	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 shown	aux
13	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	14 shown	aux:pass
14	shown	show	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 communicate	conj
15	to	to	PART	_	16 employ	mark
16	employ	employ	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 shown	xcomp
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 language	det
18	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 employ	obj
19	comparable	comparable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 employ	xcomp
20	to	to	ADP	_	22 language	case
21	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 language	amod
22	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 employ	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	communicate	present	Animals		by sounds and smells and movements	vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	show	present · perfect · passive		none		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
3	employ	to-infinitive		a language	to human language; comparable property	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Theme

Option 4

Animals possess no means of communication

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 possess	nsubj
2	possess	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 possess	ccomp
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 communication	case
6	communication	communication	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 means	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	Animals						tree rules
2	mean	present	no					of communication	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/395-documentaries-vs-cartoons-added-sounds-edited-stories-and-what-is-real/e3/